摘要
以青海湖裸鲤鱼苗养殖池塘中浮游植物群落结构与环境因子之间的关系为研究对象,在2020年10月至2021年5月期间选取9口青海湖裸鲤养殖池塘,每30天对浮游植物进行一次采样,共采集8次样本,同时测定水质理化因子。研究发现,池塘内共观察到6门77种浮游植物,其中绿藻门和硅藻门占主导地位,但常见优势种大部分为蓝藻门。浮游植物密度和生物量在养殖周期内呈现变化,冰封期间浮游植物密度低于非冰封期。实验还发现,青海湖裸鲤养殖池塘浮游植物群落多样性指数较高,丰富度指数处于中等水平,群落物种分布相对均匀,结构稳定。通过数据分析,研究指出浮游动物是影响浮游植物群落结构的重要因素,其次为硅酸盐和水温。在青海湖裸鲤养殖过程中,浮游植物群落结构随着养殖过程出现演替变化,浮游植物多样性呈上升趋势。研究建议,在养殖中、后期需要进行藻类群落结构的调控,以维持生态系统的健康和稳定。研究结果可为该地区养殖模式下的水质监测和调控及养殖管理提供参考。
This study investigated the dynamics between the phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors in the breeding ponds of Gymnocypris przewalskii(Kessler).Nine aquaculture ponds were monitored monthly from October 2020 to May 2021,with eight sampling campaigns conducted to analyze phytoplankton composition and physicochemical water parameters..A total of 77 phytoplankton species from six phyla were identified,dominated numerically by Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta,though Cyanobacteria comprised the majority of prevalent dominant species.Phytoplankton density and biomass exhibited temporal variations,with significantly reduced densities observed during ice-covered periods compared to ice-free phases.The phytoplankton community demonstrated moderate species richness(Shannon-Wiener index:2.3-3.1)and stable structure,characterized by equitable species distribution.Multivariate analysis identified zooplankton biomass as the primary driver of phytoplankton assemblage variation(RDA variance explanation:38.2%),followed by silicate concentration(22.7%)and water temperature(18.4%).Successional shifts in phytoplankton composition occurred throughout the cultivation cycle,accompanied by a progressive increase in biodiversity.The findings emphasize the necessity for targeted algal community management during mid-late culture stages to sustain pond ecosystem stability.This research provides critical baseline data for optimizing water quality control protocols and ecological management strategies in plateau cold-water fish aquaculture systems.
作者
罗颖
闫丽婷
付生云
吴洪芳
汪鹏程
祁洪芳
Luo Ying;Yan Liting;Fu Shengyun;Wu Hongfang;Wang Pengcheng;Qi Hongfang(The Rescues Center of Gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Breeding and Protection of Gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii in Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《青海科技》
2025年第3期101-112,共12页
Qinghai Science and Technology
基金
国家淡水水产种质资源库(FGRC:18537)
青海省重点研发与转化计划科技成果转化专项项目“青海湖裸鲤PIT标志关键技术的放流效果评估和洄游示范监测”(2024-SF-152)
青海省青海湖裸鲤繁育与保护重点实验室开放课题资助。
关键词
青海湖裸鲤
浮游植物
群落结构
环境因子
Gymnocypris przewalskii(Kessler)
Phytoplankton
Community structure
Environmental factors
作者简介
罗颖(1987-),女,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向:渔业资源保护。E-mail:lyqhncr@163.com。
