摘要
为研究平原地区中小河流流量、水质、浮游植物群落结构随不同季节变化的演变特征,以阜阳市颍河为例,利用Mann-Kendall、综合水质标识指数、主成分分析、浮游植物多样性指数、Pearson相关性分析法分析颍河流量、水质、浮游植物群落变化。结果显示:颍河流量均值从大到小依次为夏季、秋季、春季、冬季,春季、秋季、冬季均表现为增长趋势,夏季表现为不显著的减少趋势;颍河水质秋季最优,春季最差,春季和冬季影响颍河主要环境因子为氨氮、高锰酸盐指数,夏季和秋季为总磷、氨氮;不同季节总磷与流量均表现出不同程度的负相关性;浮游植物优势种主要是绿藻门、硅藻门、蓝藻门,春季浮游植物平均细胞密度最大的是绿藻门,秋季为蓝藻门;春季Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数均小于秋季,不同季节影响浮游植物多样性指数的环境因子不同。研究表明颍河流量、水质、浮游植物群落受季节性影响较大,水质改善与生态调控需结合季节性特征。
To study the seasonal variation characteristics of flow,water quality,and phytoplankton communities in small and medium-sized rivers in plains areas,the Yinghe river in Fuyang City was taken as an example.Methods including the Mann-Kendall test,comprehensive water quality identification index,principal component analysis,phytoplankton diversity index,and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze changes in the Yinghe river’s flow,water quality,and phytoplankton community.The results indicated that the average flow rate of the Yinghe river from larg to small was summer,autumn,spring and winter.A significant increasing trend was observed in spring,autumn,and winter,whereas an insignificant decreasing trend occurred in summer.Based on the WQI,the water quality of the Yinghe river was optimal in autumn and poorest in spring.The primary environmental factors influencing the Yinghe River vary by season:ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index dominate in spring and winter,and total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen in summer and autumn.Total phosphorus and flow rate exhibited varying degrees of negative correlation across seasons.The dominant phytoplankton species primarily belong to the Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta,and Cyanobacteria phyla.In spring,Chlorophyta exhibited the highest average cell density,while Cyanobacteria dominates in autumn.Both the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index were lower in spring compared to autumn.Seasonal variations in environmental factors significantly affected phytoplankton diversity indices.This study demonstrates that the flow rate,water quality,and phytoplankton community structure of the Yinghe river were strongly influenced by seasonal changes.Effective water quality improvement and ecological regulation should consider these seasonal characteristics.
作者
王晶晶
WANG Jingjing(Fuyang Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Anhui Province,Fuyang 236000,China)
出处
《江淮水利科技》
2025年第3期29-36,41,共9页
Jianghuai Water Resources Science and Technology
作者简介
王晶晶(1986-),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事水文和水环境监测与评价工作。E-mail:353185074@qq.com。
