摘要
目的分析2024年某医院血培养阳性病原菌分布及耐药性情况。方法收集该医院2024年1—12月989例细菌感染患者的血液样本,进行病原菌分离鉴定,依据美国临床和实验室标准化协会标准进行药敏试验,分析病原菌分布及耐药情况。结果2024年该医院989株血培养阳性病原菌中,革兰阴性菌516株(52.2%),以大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主;革兰阳性菌473株(47.8%)。药敏试验结果显示,2024年该医院263株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对利福平、替考拉宁敏感率>90.0%,对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、替加环素敏感率均为100%,对青霉素G、苯唑西林、红霉素等存在不同程度耐药;83株金黄色葡萄球菌对庆大霉素、利福平、环丙沙星、左旋氧氟沙星的敏感率均>90.0%,对莫西沙星、利奈唑胺、万古霉素、替考拉宁、替加环素的敏感率均为100.0%,对青霉素G、红霉素、苯唑西林等存在不同程度耐药;20株屎肠球菌对利奈唑胺、氯霉素、替加环素的敏感率均为100.0%,对青霉素G、氨苄西林、左旋氧氟沙星的耐药率较高;244株大肠埃希菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、厄他培南、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、替加环素的敏感率均>90.0%,对复方新诺明、左旋氧氟沙星、头孢曲松、头孢呋辛等存在不同程度耐药;127株肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、厄他培南、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、替加环素的敏感率均>90.0%,对氨曲南耐药率较高,为71.4%。2024年该医院989株血培养阳性病原菌科室分布中,占比最高的科室分别为急诊重症病区(住院)(25.9%)、重症医学科(住院)(18.0%)、仲恺院区重症医学科二区(12.7%)。结论2024年该医院血培养阳性病原菌中以革兰阴性菌为主,其中大肠埃希菌检出率最高;不同病原菌抗生素耐药性存在差异;血培养阳性病原菌主要分布于重症医学科。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of positive pathogenic bacteria in blood culture in a hospital in 2024.Methods The blood samples of 989 patients with bacterial infection in the hospital from January to December 2024 were collected for the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria.The drug sensitivity test was carried out according to the standards of American Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed.Results Among the 989 strains of positive pathogenic bacteria in blood culture in the hospital in 2024,there were 516 strains(52.2%)of Gram-negative bacteria,mainly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae,and there were 473 strains(47.8%)of Gram-positive bacteria.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the sensitivity rates of 263 strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in the hospital in 2024 to Rifampicin and Teicoplanin were more than 90.0%,and the sensitivity rates to Linezolid,Vancomycin and Tigecycline were 100%,and there were different degrees of resistance to Penicillin G,Erythromycin and Oxacillin.The sensitivity rates of 83 strains of Staphylococcus Aureus to Gentamicin,Rifampicin,Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin were all>90.0%,and the sensitivity rates to Moxifloxacin,Linezolid,Vancomycin,Teicoplanin and Tigecycline were all 100.0%,and there are different degrees of resistance to Penicillin G,Erythromycin and Oxacillin.The sensitivity rates of 20 strains of Enterococcus Faecium to Linezolid,Chloramphenicol and Tigecycline were 100.0%,and the resistance rates to Penicillin G,Ampicillin and Levofloxacin were high.The sensitivity rates of 244 strains of Escherichia coli to Cefoperazone/Sulbactam,Piperacillin/Tazobactam,Ertapenem,Imipenem,Amikacin and Tigecycline were all>90.0%,and there are different degrees of resistance to Cotrimoxazole,Levofloxacin,Ceftriaxone and Cefuroxime.The sensitivity rates of 127 strains of Klebsiella Pneumoniae to Cefoperazone/Sulbactam,Ertapenem,Imipenem,Amikacin and Tigecycline were all>90.0%,and the resistance rate(71.4%)to Aztreonam was higher.Among the 989 strains of positive pathogenic bacteria in blood culture in the hospital in 2024,the departments with the highest proportion were Emergency Intensive Care unit(hospitalization,25.9%),Intensive Care Unit(hospitalization,18.0%),and Intensive Care Unit of Zhongkai Hospital(12.7%)in turn.Conclusions Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens in the positive pathogenic bacteria in blood culture in the hospital in 2024,and the detection rate of Escherichia coli is the highest.There are differences in antibiotic resistance among different pathogens.The positive pathogenic bacteria in blood culture mainly distribute in Intensive Care Unit.
作者
曾文冰
吴显劲
ZENG Wenbing;WU Xianjin(Medical College,Shantou University,Shantou,Guangdong 515041,China;Department of Laboratory Medicine,Huizhou Central People's Hospital,Huizhou,Guangdong 516001,China)
出处
《医药前沿》
2025年第23期25-29,共5页
Journal of Frontiers of Medicine
关键词
血培养
病原菌
耐药性
重症医学科
感染防控
Blood culture
Pathogen
Drug resistance
Intensive care unit
Infection prevention and control
作者简介
通信作者:吴显劲。
