摘要
氰化物广泛存在于自然界中,以极高的毒理特性使人望而生畏。人类文明和科学技术的发展,使得对氰化物的探索逐步深入,认识和理解不断加深。此类化合物不仅是原始地球大气中的重要成分,也是形成关键生物分子(如氨基酸)过程中不可或缺的反应中间体。氢氰酸及其盐在工业领域有着举足轻重的作用,广泛应用于电镀、染料、洗注、油漆、橡胶、纺织、金矿开采等传统工业,同时也是现代医药和能源领域重要的研究对象。氰化物既是古老地球大气演变的见证者,也是人类文明进程的助力剂,蕴藏生命起源奥秘,推动现代科技进步,无疑具有更为深远的探索价值。
Cyanides are widely present in nature and are highly toxic,often evoking significant concern.The development of human civilization and scientific technology has led to a gradual deepening of the exploration of cyanides,with continuous advancements in understanding and comprehension.However,they are also essential components of the Earth’s primordial atmosphere and play a crucial role as reactive intermediates in the synthesis of key biomolecules,such as amino acids.Hydrocyanic acid and its salts are of critical importance in various industrial processes,including electroplating,dyeing,washing,painting,rubber manufacturing,textiles,and gold mining.Moreover,cyanides are important research subjects in modern medicine and energy fields.This paper explores the dual nature of cyanides,highlighting their role as both a remnant of early Earth’s atmosphere and a catalyst for technological progress.By examining their industrial applications and potential research directions,the paper aims to shed light on the complex role of cyanides in the advancement of human civilization and their ongoing potential for future exploration.
作者
吴楠
张航
魏灵灵
顾泉
郑浩铨
张伟强
曹睿
Nan Wu;Hang Zhang;Lingling Wei;Quan Gu;Haoquan Zheng;Weiqiang Zhang;Rui Cao(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)
出处
《大学化学》
2025年第7期177-188,共12页
University Chemistry
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目(面上)(2023-JC-YB-091)
陕西高等教育教学改革研究项目(23ZZ021)
陕西师范大学2023年综合教改项目(23JG06,23JG11)
陕西师范大学2021年教学改革综合研究项目(21JG02)
陕西师范大学2021年“教师教学模式创新与实践研究”专项基金项目(JSJX2021Z24)。
关键词
氰化物
理化性质
毒理作用
工业应用
绿色发展
Cyanide
Physicochemical properties
Toxicology
Industrial applications
Green development
作者简介
通讯作者:张航,Emails:zhangteacher@snnu.edu.cn;通讯作者:郑浩铨,zhenghaoquan@snnu.edu.cn。
