摘要
为明确江苏省淮安市淮阴区机插稻田杂草化学防控技术,2023年在淮阴区开展了田间药效试验,设置土壤封闭处理(简称“封”)、茎叶喷雾处理(简称“杀”)及土壤封闭处理+茎叶喷雾处理共16个处理,以不用药作为空白对照,测定各处理对机插稻田杂草防除效果以及水稻安全性。结果表明,采用土壤封闭处理+茎叶喷雾处理的药剂组合对机插稻田的杂草控制效果最佳,各处理对杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别达到88%及以上和84%以上。其中,30%丙草胺EC 100 mL/667 m^(2)+360 g/L异草松CS 20 mL/667 m^(2)(封)+10%唑·氰氟EC 150 mL/667 m^(2)+38%二甲·灭草松AS 100 mL/667 m^(2)(杀)、500 g/L丙草胺EC 70 mL/667 m^(2)+30%苄嘧磺隆WP 10 g/667 m^(2)(封)+3%氯氟吡啶酯EC 50 mL/667 m^(2)+30%氰氟草酯EC 100 mL/667 m^(2)(杀)、500 g/L丙草胺EC 70 mL/667 m^(2)+30%苄嘧磺隆WP 10 g/667 m^(2)(封)+3%氯氟吡啶酯EC 50 mL/667 m^(2)+500 g/L丙草胺EC 70 mL/667 m^(2)+40%唑·氰氟EC 70 mL/667 m^(2)(杀)等效果较佳。插秧后12 d,1次茎叶喷雾处理(简称“一杀”)中60 g/L氟砜草胺EC 150 mL/667 m^(2)、3%氯氟吡啶酯EC 50 mL/667 m^(2)+20%唑酰草胺EC 50 mL/667 m^(2)+30%氰氟草酯EC 100 mL/667 m^(2)对杂草的防除效果较优,其株防效和鲜重防效均高于90%;1次土壤封闭处理(简称“一封”)对杂草的防除效果最差。生产上“一封”并不能有效解决淮阴区机插稻田的杂草,该方法不推荐在淮阴区机插稻田直接使用,推荐采用土壤封闭处理+茎叶喷雾处理为主的化学除草策略。
To clarify the chemical control techniques for weeds in machine-transplanted rice fields in Huaiyin District,Huai'an City,Jiangsu Province,field efficacy trials were conducted in 2023.Sixteen treatments were tested,including pre-emergence herbicides applications(hereinafter referred to as“pre-emergence”),post-emergence herbicides applications(hereinafter referred to as“post-emergence”),and combined pre-and post-emergent herbicides applications(hereinafter referred to as“pre-and post-emergence”),with a no-herbicide control.The weed control efficacy and selectivity to rice were evaluated.The results showed that the combined pre-and post-emergence treatments provided the best weed control in machine transplanting rice fields,with plant control and fresh weight control effect exceeding 88%and 89%,respectively,across all treatments.Among them,the following combinations demonstrated superior efficacy:pretilachlor 30%EC at 100 mL/667 m^(2)+isoxaflutole 360 g/L CS at 20 mL/667 m^(2)(pre-emergence)+metamifop·cyhalofop-butyl 40%EC at 70 mL/667 m^(2)+MCPA·bentazone 38%AS at 100 mL/667 m^(2)(post-emergence);pretilachlor 500 g/L EC at 70 mL/667 m^(2)+bensulfuron-methyl 30%WP at 10 g/667 m^(2)(pre-emergence)+florpyrauxifen-benzyl 3%EC at 50 mL/667 m^(2)+cyhalofop-butyl 30%EC at 100 mL/667 m^(2)(post-emergence);pretilachlor 500 g/L EC at 70 mL/667 m^(2)+bensulfuron-methyl 30%WP at 10 g/667 m^(2)(pre-emergence)+florpyrauxifen-benzyl 3%EC at 50 mL/667 m^(2)+pretilachlor 500 g/L EC at 70 mL/667 m^(2)+metamifop·cyhalofop-butyl 40%EC 70 mL/667 m^(2)(post-emergence).Twelve days after transplanting,among the single post-emergence treatments(hereinafter referred to as“one-time post-emergence”),flumioxazin 6 g/L EC at 150 mL/667 m^(2),florpyrauxifen-benzyl 3%EC at 50 mL/667 m^(2)+metamifop 20%EC at 50 mL/667 m^(2)+cyhalofop-butyl 30%EC at 100 mL/667 m^(2)showed excellent weed control effects,with plant control effect and fresh weight control effect both exceeding 90%.In contrast,the one-time pre-emergence treatment(hereinafter referred to as“one-time pre-emergence”)had the poorest weed control efficacy.In prECuctio,“one-time pre-emergence”could not effectively manage weeds in machine-transplanted rice fields in Huaiyin District.Therefore,this method was not recommended for direct use in machine transplanting rice fields in Huaiyin District.Instead,a chemical weed control strategy primarily based on combined pre-and post-emergence treatments was recommended.
作者
巨亚雯
徐蓬
毛佳
曹凯歌
付佑胜
朱春梅
JU Yawen;XU Peng;MAO Jia;CAO Kaige;FU Yousheng;ZHU Chunmei(Huaiyin Institute of Agricuetural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu/National Agricultural Science Observation and Experimental Station,Huai'an 223001,China;Huaiyin District Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Huai'an City,Huai'an 223004,China)
出处
《杂草学报》
2025年第2期53-59,共7页
Journal of Weed Science
基金
淮安市联合专项(编号:HABL2023050)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[编号:CX(23)3008]。
关键词
土壤封闭除草剂
茎叶喷雾除草剂
杂草
防除策略
机插稻田
淮阴区
pre-emergence herbicide
post-emergence herbicide
weed
prevention and control strategies
machine transplanting rice fields
Huaiyin Districe
作者简介
巨亚雯(1993-),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士,助理研究员,从事农田杂草抗性监测与治理相关研究。E-mail:juyw17@lzu.edu.cn;通信作者:付佑胜,硕士,副研究员,从事农田杂草抗性治理及农药减施喷施技术的研究工作,E-mail:youshengfu@163.com;通信作者:朱春梅,高级农艺师,从事农作物病虫草害防控及技术推广工作,E-mail:15950389021@qq.com。
