摘要
乡村优秀教师是支撑乡村教育高质量发展的关键力量,留住乡村优秀教师是乡村教师队伍建设的重要课题。已有研究发现职业认同和待遇满意度是影响乡村优秀教师留任意愿的两大关键因素,但目前还缺乏对乡村优秀教师的职业认同、待遇满意度及其留任意愿之间关系的实证研究。论文通过对云南省2355名获得区县级及以上级别表彰的乡村教师的调查,发现乡村优秀教师留任乡村学校的意愿不强,终身从教意愿也普遍较低;乡村优秀教师的留任意愿受职业认同和待遇满意度的直接影响;待遇满意度在乡村优秀教师职业认同影响其留任意愿过程中发挥中介效应。数据还显示,教师从教的内在心理回报能够正向预测其对物质待遇的主观评价;提升乡村优秀教师的待遇满意度可以提升乡村教师的留任意愿。据此提出,留住乡村优秀教师要做到“情感留人”“待遇留人”和“政策留人”,即通过强化教师职业认同水平,完善乡村教师的薪酬结构和津补贴制度,提高综合待遇保障水平和乡村教育治理效能,提振乡村优秀教师对乡村教育的信心,最终达到留住乡村优秀教师的目的。
Excellent rural teachers are the key force supporting the high-quality development of rural education.Retaining them is a critical issue in strengthening the rural teaching staff.Previous studies have identified professional identity and remuneration satisfaction as two key factors influencing rural teachers'retention intention,yet empirical research on their interrelationships remains limited.Based on the survey of 2,355 rural teachers in Yunnan Province who were commended at or above the county level,this study reveals that excellent rural teachers are unwilling to stay in rural schools,and their long-term commitment to teaching is generally low.Their retention intention is directly affected by professional identity and remuneration satisfaction.Remuneration satisfaction mediates the effect of professional identity on retention intention.The data further indicate that teachers'intrinsic psychological return from teaching positively predicts their subjective evaluation of material benefits,and improving remuneration satisfaction among rural teachers can significantly increase their retention intention.Therefore,to address these issues,we propose a three-pronged retention strategy:"emotional retention"by strengthening professional identity,""material retention"by optimizing salary and allowance structures,and"policy retention"by improving the comprehensive level of remuneration and the effectiveness of rural education governance.By boosting teachers'confidence in rural education,this approach aims to stabilize the excellent rural teaching staff.
作者
王艳玲
强发瑛
WANG Yan-ling;QIANG Fa-ying(Institute of Curriculum and Instruction,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Department of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《民族教育研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期55-68,共14页
Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities
基金
全国教育科学规划国家一般课题“新时代中小学‘大先生’的素养结构、成长轨迹及支持政策研究”(项目编号:BHA230130)的阶段性成果。
关键词
乡村优秀教师
留任意愿
职业认同
待遇满意度
excellent rural teachers
professional identity
remuneration satisfaction
retention intention
作者简介
王艳玲,华东师范大学课程与教学研究所教授;强发瑛,华东师范大学教育学系博士研究生。
