摘要
生态系统服务与人类可持续发展紧密相连,研究区域生态系统服务供需特征,识别其主要驱动因素是实现生态资源有效配置和保障区域生态安全的重要前提.采用InVEST模型计算分析黄河流域2001~2021年水源涵养、固碳释氧和生境质量服务的时空演变特征及供需匹配状况,并基于最优参数地理探测器模型进行驱动因子分析.结果表明:①与2001年相比,2021年水源涵养、固碳释氧和生境质量服务供给量均有所增加,固碳释氧和生境质量服务空间分布相似;水源涵养服务受降水和蒸散发等综合影响,在空间上呈现无规律分布.②生态系统各项服务需求量的空间分布基本一致:流域中下游生态系统服务需求量较高,上游河源区较低,且时间上均呈波动性增加趋势.③黄河流域水源涵养、固碳释氧和生境质量服务的空间分布在栅格尺度上呈现供需关系不均衡、地区差异较大等特征;在省区尺度上水源涵养和生境质量供需关系相对均衡,整体上供大于求,固碳释氧服务的供需指数呈现持续下降趋势,供需矛盾突出.④生态系统服务的供给侧显著受自然因素调节,而需求侧则主要受人类活动和社会经济因素的驱动,人口密度和GDP密度增加了生态系统服务需求,抑制着生态系统服务供需平衡,是生态服务供需比的主要影响因素.研究成果可为黄河流域建立生态补偿机制提供参考依据.
Ecosystem services are closely linked to human sustainable development.Studying the supply-demand characteristics of ecosystem services in the research area and identifying their main driving factors are crucial prerequisites for effectively allocating ecological resources and ensuring regional ecological security.The InVEST model was employed to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and supply-demand matching of water conservation,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,and habitat quality services in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2021.Additionally,a geodetector model based on optimal parameters was used for driving factor analysis.The results indicate:①Compared to 2001,the supply of water conservation,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,and habitat quality services increased in 2021.Spatially,carbon sequestration and oxygen release services exhibited similar distributions,while water conservation services showed irregular distribution patterns influenced by factors like precipitation and evapotranspiration.②The spatial distribution of demand for ecosystem services was generally consistent:higher demand in the middle and lower reaches of the basin and lower demand in the upstream river sources,with a fluctuating increasing trend.③At the grid scale,the spatial distribution of water conservation,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,and habitat quality services showed characteristics of uneven supply-demand relationships and significant regional differences.At the provincial scale,the supply-demand relationship for water conservation and habitat quality services was relatively balanced overall,with supply generally exceeding demand.However,the supply-demand index for carbon sequestration services showed a continuous declining trend,highlighting prominent supply-demand contradictions.④The supply side of ecosystem services was heavily influenced by natural factors,while the demand side was primarily affected by human activities and socio-economic development.Increasing population density and GDP density contributed to the demand for ecosystem services,thereby inhibiting the balance between supply and demand,which is a key influencing factor for ecosystem service supply-demand ratios.The research findings can provide a reference basis for establishing ecological compensation mechanisms in the Yellow River Basin.
作者
盖莹莹
赵衡
王富强
GAI Ying-ying;ZHAO Heng;WANG Fu-qiang(School of Water Resources,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Water Resources Conservation and Intensive Utilization in the Yellow River Basin,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《环境科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期3672-3680,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U2443203,52279014,52109085)
农业重大科技专项(NK202319020506)
流域生态水文效应与水安全创新型科技团队培育项目(CXTDPY-3)
省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室(西安理工大学)开发研究基金项目(2022KFKT-3)。
关键词
黄河流域
生态系统服务
供需关系
InVEST模型
最优参数地理探测器模型
Yellow River Basin
ecosystem services
supply and demand relationship
InVEST model
optimal parameter geographic detector model
作者简介
盖莹莹(1999-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为水文学、水资源与环境生态等,E-mail:810608594@qq.com;通信作者:王富强,E-mail:wangfuqiang@ncwu.edu.cn。
