摘要
为探究不同虫漏沉香的香气成分并揭示其香气特征,研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),结合主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和香气活力值(odor activity value,OAV)评价体系,系统解析了广西北流产区三种典型白木香天然虫漏沉香:普通虫漏沉香(common insect-damaged agarwood,CIDA)、奇楠虫漏沉香(Qinan insect-damaged agarwood,QIDA)、黄油格虫漏沉香(Huangyouge insect-damaged agarwood,HIDA)的挥发性特征组分及其关键呈香物质。实验共鉴定出197种挥发性化合物,其中共性组分53种。分析表明,酮类、醛类和醇类为三类沉香的主要挥发性组分,其相对丰度呈现显著类型特征:QIDA以酮类物质为主导(60.50%),CIDA与HIDA虽组分相似但HIDA含有更高比例的醛类(14.77%)和酚类(8.30%),而CIDA则富含酯类物质(6.08%)。OAV解析揭示,相较于海南、广东及东南亚产区,广西北流虫漏沉香特征性地含有α-紫罗兰酮(OAV>1),该组分赋予CIDA清甜花香特质;HIDA则通过α-紫罗兰酮与松柏醛(OAV>1)的协同作用形成独特的花香-烟熏复合香韵;QIDA虽香气组分复杂却缺乏高活力呈香物质(OAV均<1)。本研究首次从化学组分角度阐明了广西北流虫漏沉香的特征香气形成机制,为沉香产地溯源与品质评价体系构建提供了科学依据。
To investigate the aroma components and elucidate the characteristic odor profiles of different insect-damaged agarwood varieties,this study employed an integrated analytical approach combining headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)with principal component analysis(PCA)and odor activity value(OAV)evaluation.A systematic characterization was conducted on the volatile signature components and key odor-active compounds in three representative Aquilaria sinensis-derived insect-damaged agarwood specimens from the Beiliu production region of Guangxi:common insect-damaged agarwood(CIDA),Qinan insect-damaged agarwood(QIDA),and Huangyouge insect-damaged agarwood(HIDA).A total of 197 compounds were identified across the three types,with 53 shared components.Ketones,aldehydes,and alcohols constituted the predominant volatile fractions in CIDA,QIDA,and HIDA.QIDA exhibited a strong correlation with ketones(60.50%),while CIDA and HIDA displayed similar compositional profiles,though HIDA contained higher proportions of aldehydes(14.77%)and phenols(8.30%),and CIDA exhibited elevated ester levels(6.08%).Compared to agarwoods from Hainan,Guangdong,and Southeast Asia,OAV analysis revealed that all three sam ples form Beiliu,Guangxi uniquely containedα-ionone(OAV>1),a floral contributor.Specifically,α-ionone imparted a fresh sweet-floral character to CIDA,while the synergistic effect ofα-ionone and coniferaldehyde(both OAV>1)shaped HIDA’s distinct floral-smoky duality.Despite its complex aroma profile,QIDA lacked dominant odor-active components(all OAV<1).This research elucidated for the first time the chemical basis underlying the characteristic aroma formation in insect-damaged agarwood from Beiliu,Guangxi,and provided scientific support for geographical traceability and quality evaluation systems.
作者
黎贵卿
刘炜祺
江燕
李开祥
陈文
陈迎迎
汤星月
杨素华
LI Gui-qing;LIU Wei-qi;JIANG Yan;LI Kai-xiang;CHEN Wen;CHEN Ying-ying;TANG Xing-yue;YANG Su-hua(Guangxi Academy of Forestry Sciences,Nanning 530002,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Analysis and Testing Research Center,Nanning 530022,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Utilization of Characteristic Economic Forests,Nanning 530002,China)
出处
《天然产物研究与开发》
北大核心
2025年第6期1123-1137,共15页
Natural Product Research and Development
基金
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA24263014
桂科AA23023035)
广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研[2021]8号)
广西重点研发项目(桂科AB22080082)。
作者简介
通信作者:李开祥,E-mail:lkx202@126.com。
