摘要
考虑到内蒙古地区干旱半干旱的气候特点,本研究旨在探究液态地膜对马铃薯产量构成和土壤理化结构的影响。本研究选用液态地膜作为覆盖材料,以期提高马铃薯的产量并减少对环境的污染。试验在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市武川县进行,共设置了基础液态地膜覆盖(A)、功能液态地膜覆盖(B)、露地栽培(CK)3个处理样地。调查结果表明:通过对比分析发现,功能性液态地膜(B)处理的马铃薯产量最高,达到1.98 kg/株,比对照裸地(CK)处理单株增产0.26 kg,增产率15.12%。此外,功能性液态地膜处理的商品薯产量和商品薯率均高于其他处理,表明其在提高马铃薯经济性状方面的优越性。土壤养分分析结果显示,在不同的覆盖膜处理下,土壤的有机碳、全磷、pH以及有效磷含量存在显著差异。其中,采用功能性液态地膜处理的土壤有机质含量较高。经济效益分析表明,功能性液态地膜覆盖具有较高的利润,同时减少了塑料地膜的环境问题。从生态效益上讲,使用可降解的液态地膜,对缓解“白色污染”、推动农业可持续绿色发展都有很大的好处。综上所述,功能性液态地膜在提高马铃薯产量和品质、减少环境污染方面展现出显著优势,是一种具有良好经济效益和生态效益的农业技术。
To investigate the effects of liquid mulch on potato yield composition and soil physicochemical structure,considering the arid and semi-arid climatic characteristics of Inner Mongolia,liquid mulch was selected as the mulching material in this study with a view to increasing potato yield and reducing pollution to the environment.The experiment was conducted in Wuchuan County,Hohhot City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and three treatment plots were set up,namely,basic liquid mulch(A),functional liquid mulch(B)and open field cultivation(CK).The results showed that through comparative analysis,the potato yield of the functional liquid mulch(B)treatment was the highest,reaching 1.98 kg/plant,with an increase of 0.26 kg per plant over the bare-ground(CK)treatment,with a yield increase of 15.12%.In addition,the commercial potato yield and commercial potato rate of the functional liquid mulch treatment were higher than those of the other treatments,indicating its superiority in improving the economic traits of potato.The results of soil nutrient analysis showed that there were significant differences in organic carbon,total phosphorus,pH and effective phosphorus content of soil under different mulching film treatments.Among them,the organic matter content was higher in the soil treated with functional liquid mulch.The economic benefit analysis showed that the functional liquid mulch film cover had higher profit and reduces the environmental problems of plastic mulch film at the same time.In terms of ecological benefits,the use of biodegradable liquid mulch was of great benefit to the alleviation of“white pollution”and the promotion of sustainable green development of agriculture.In summary,functional liquid mulch shows significant advantages in improving potato yield and quality and reducing environmental pollution,and it is an agricultural technology with good economic and ecological benefits.
作者
李璐
胡志超
秦洁
王盈
常江
LI Lu;HU Zhichao;QIN Jie;WANG Ying;CHANG Jiang(Bureau of Meteorology of Saihan District,Hohhot City,Hohhot 010010;Hohhot Meteorological Bureau,Hohhot 010010;Tianjin Institute of Renewable Resources,All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperation,Tianjin 300191;Inner Mongolia Electric Power(Group)Co.,Ltd,Hohhot 010010)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2025年第15期88-94,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中华全国供销合作总社科技创新项目“可降解液态地膜的研发及应用”(GXKJ-2024-044)
内蒙古自治区气象局科技创新项目“基于遥感技术的人工牧草全生育期气象服务应用”(nmqxkjcx202401)
内蒙古自治区气象局科研项目“呼和浩特市灾害预警应急指挥平台”(nmqxywpt202416)。
关键词
液态地膜
马铃薯产量
土壤理化结构
生物可降解
经济效益
生态效益
liquid film mulching
potato yield
soil physico-chemical structure
biodegradable
economic benefits
ecological benefits
作者简介
第一作者:李璐,女,1990年出生,内蒙古呼和浩特人,中级工程师,硕士,研究方向:应用气象、农业气象、气候与气候变化。通信地址:012300内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区金桥开发区世纪十三街路南,呼和浩特市气象局,Tel:0471-4348042,E-mail:815234042@qq.com;通信作者:胡志超,男,1988年生,内蒙古呼和浩特人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事应用气象、卫星遥感、生态学方面研究。通信地址:012300内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区金桥开发区世纪十三街路南,呼和浩特市气象局,Tel:0471-4348042,E-mail:592396602@qq.com。
