摘要
针对花生种植使用普通地膜造成的环境污染问题,通过大田小区试验,对比了生物降解膜(BD)、普通地膜(PE)和不盖膜(CK)处理对花生不同生长时期的养分吸收、土壤的养分变化以及产量等方面的影响。结果表明:收获期PE和BD处理的产量分别为7098.09、6868.92 kg/hm2,较CK处理显著增产25.85%和21.78%。PE和BD处理土壤中的碱解氮和有效磷含量均呈现出"先减少后增加"的趋势,而有效钾含量表现为逐步下降的趋势,苗期为最大值,此后逐渐最低。不同覆盖条件下,花生植株地上部分的养分吸收量逐步增加,花生各生长时期的氮、磷、钾累积吸收量均表现为PE>BD>CK。该试验从土壤营养和花生养分吸收利用方面展开研究,为生物降解膜应用于花生生产可行性提供了理论依据。
In view of the environmental pollution caused by the common mulch film used in peanut planting,we compared the effects of biodegradable films(BD),common plastic films(PE)and non-cover films(CK)on the nutrient absorption of peanuts,soil nutrient and yield of peanuts at different growth stages through a field test.The results showed that:the yield of PE and BD in the harvesting period was 7908.09 and 6868.92 kg/hm2,respectively,significantly increased by 25.85%and 21.78%compared with that of CK;the content of alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil treated by PE and BD showed a trend of"first decrease and then increase",while the available potassium content showed a decline trend,which was the maximum at the seedling stage,and then gradually decreased;under different films,the nutrient uptake of the aerial parts of peanut plants increased gradually;the cumulative absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium at peanut growth stages showed PE>BD>CK.The experiment was carried out from the aspects of soil nutrient and nutrient absorption and utilization of peanut,and could provide a basis for the application of biodegradable film in peanut production.
作者
高旭华
黄瑶珠
谢东
Gao Xuhua;Huang Yaozhu;Xie Dong(Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute(Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute)/Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center,Guangzhou 510316)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第8期55-59,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
广东省科技计划项目“花生轻简节本高效安全栽培技术示范基地建设”(2017A030223008)、“高性能生物降解薄膜创新能力建设”(2017A070702013)
广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项项目“功能性生物材料创新能力建设”(2018GDASCX-0105).
关键词
花生
地膜
生物降解膜
养分吸收
产量
peanut
mulch film
biodegradable film
nutrient uptake
yield
作者简介
第一作者:高旭华,男,1986年出生,山西阳泉人,硕士,主要从事功能性薄膜的应用研究。通信地址:510316广东省广州市海珠区石榴岗路10号广东省生物工程研究所(广州甘蔗糖业研究所),E-mail:gaoxuhuayy@163.com。
