摘要
随着高通量测序技术的发展和生物信息学技术的进步,转运RNA(tRNA)衍生的小RNA(tsRNAs)作为一种新型的非编码小RNA受到了广泛的关注。根据核酸酶在tRNAs上切割位点的差异,tsRNAs可分为tRNA衍生片段(tRFs)、tRF-1、tRNA衍生的应激诱导小RNA(tiRNAs)和其他未分类的tsRNAs四大类,每一类都有特定的亚细胞定位。近年来的研究发现,tsRNAs在胚胎发育、细胞命运、免疫调控及多种人类疾病的发生发展中起着重要的作用。因此,本文系统性综述了tsRNAs的生物学起源及分类,tsRNAs的生物学功能,包括基因表达调控、翻译调控、表观遗传调控、逆转录调控和新生RNA沉默等,并探讨tsRNAs作为疾病诊断标志物和治疗靶点的可能性。
With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology and the advancement of bioinformatics technology,transfer RNA(tRNA)derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have received widespread attention as a novel type of non-coding small RNAs.Based on the differences in nuclease cleavage sites on tRNAs,tsRNAs can be classified into four major categories:tRNA-derived fragments(tRFs),tRF-1,tRNA-derived stress-inducible small RNAs(tiRNAs)and other unclassified tsRNAs,each of which has a specific subcellular localization.Recent studies have revealed that tRNAs play important roles in embryonic development,cell fate,immune regulation and the development of many human diseases.Therefore,this paper systematically reviews the biological origin,classification of tsRNAs and the biological functions of tsRNAs,including gene expression regulation,translational regulation,epigenetic regulation,reverse transcriptional regulation and neonatal RNA silencing,and explores the feasibility of tsRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for diseases.
作者
刘悦
刘瑶
万九超
管圣文
赵攀
LIU Yue;LIU Yao;WAN Jiuchao;GUAN Shengwen;ZHAO Pan(Department of Hematology,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000)
出处
《临床输血与检验》
2025年第3期412-422,共11页
Journal of Clinical Transfusion and Laboratory Medicine
基金
四川省自然科学基金青年项目(No.2022NSFSC1416)资助。
作者简介
刘悦,主要从事血液疾病研究,(E-mail)liuyuee1219@163.com;通信作者:赵攀,主要从事血液疾病研究,(E-mail)66716891@qq.com。
