摘要
优绩主义渗入学校系统催生了教育优绩主义,内嵌着能力本位、高效竞争和道德优越三重逻辑。教育优绩主义遵循机会平等原则,鼓舞个体奋发向上,体现“道德应得”的核心价值,彰显了对公平正义的追求。然而,在比斯塔“教育之弱”的视角下,教育优绩主义的强势推行在培养人的问题上出现了悖谬现象:掌控逻辑招致了自我压迫的反噬,效率至上潜藏着心灵封闭的陷阱,输赢游戏引发了他者关系的疏离。为超越这一现实困顿,教育要实现关注生存的主体化目的、召唤“我”向世界开放、注重与他者共存的伦理责任,以引导学生秉持与世界相遇、向世界敞开、在世界安居的态度。
The infiltration of meritocracy into the school system has fostered the educational meritocraty,which embeds three interrelated logics:competence-based standards,high-efficiency competition,and moral superiority.Educational meritocracy follows the principle of equal opportunity,inspires individuals to strive for excellence,embodies the core value of moral entitlement,and demonstrates the pursuit of fairness and justice.However,from the perspective of Gert Biesta’s notion of the weakness of education,the forceful implementation of educational meritocracy has led to paradoxical outcomes in human development:the logic of control induces self-oppression;the prioritization of efficiency conceals the trap of spiritual closure;and the game of winning and losing fosters alienation in relationships with others.To transcend these dilemmas,educational practice must aim to realize the subjectification of existence,summon the self to open up toward the world,and emphasize the ethical responsibility of coexisting with others,thereby guiding students to adopt an attitude of encountering,opening to,and dwelling peacefully in the world.
作者
王彦
何淑娟
WANG Yan;HE Shujuan
出处
《大学教育科学》
北大核心
2025年第3期73-80,共8页
University Education Science
基金
2023年度国家社会科学基金教育学重大项目“中国教育现代化的理论建构和实践探索研究”(VAA230006)
广西研究生教育创新计划项目“以中国特色教育家精神为内核的教师现代化研究”(YCBZ2024100)。
关键词
优绩主义
教育优绩主义
比斯塔
教育之弱
meritocracy
educational meritocracy
Gert Biesta
weakness of education
作者简介
王彦,山西五台人,广西师范大学教育学部教授,博士生导师,广西高校人文社会科学重点研究基地广西高等教育发展研究中心研究员,主要从事教育社会学、教师教育研究;何淑娟,广西师范大学教育学部博士生,衡阳师范学院教育科学学院助教。
