摘要
2023-06-29—2024-07-19,在云南博吉金国家森林公园及其周边区域布设17台红外相机,开展地栖鸟兽多样性调查。调查累计4370个相机工作日,获得照片13810张,独立照片数为1027张,鉴定出鸟兽31种,其中鸟类4目6科13种,兽类5目10科18种。国家一级重点保护野生动物有黑颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus humiae)1种,国家二级重点保护野生动物10种。被列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora,CITES)附录Ⅰ的有2种,列入附录Ⅱ的有6种;被世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)列为易危的有林沙锥(Gallinago nemoricola)1种,列为近危的有熊猴(Macaca assamensis)和黑颈长尾雉2种;被中国脊椎动物红色名录列为濒危的有纹鼬(Mustela strigidorsa)1种,易危的有5种,近危的9种。相对多度指数(R)和相机位点出现率(T)较高的兽类为野猪(Sus scrofa,R=5.86,T=57.14)、赤腹松鼠(Callosciurus erythraeus,R=3.20,T=78.57)、猕猴(Macaca mulatta,R=2.63,T=85.71)、花面狸(Paguma larvata,R=1.64,T=64.29)和鼬獾(Melogale moschata,R=1.53,T=50.00),鸟类为白鹇(Lophura nycthemera,R=2.22,T=78.57)。这6个优势种与人为干扰日活动节律均存在显著差异(P<0.01),除夜行性的花面狸和鼬獾外,其余4种昼行性物种与人为干扰重叠度较高(Δ≥0.70),表现为错峰活动。建议加强对该公园鸟兽多样性的关注和监测;发展旅游业时兼顾社区福利,引导居民转变生活生产方式,减少对自然资源的依赖;加强人类活动管控。
From June 29,2023 to July 19,2024,17 camera traps were set up in Yunnan Bojijin National Forest Park and its surrounding areas to conduct a survey on the diversity of birds and mammals.During the survey,the camera worked for a total of 4370 days,13810 photos were taken,of which 1027 were independent photos.31 species of birds and mammals were identified from these photos,including 13 species of birds belonging to 4 orders and 6 families,and 18 species of mammals belonging to 5 orders and 10 families.There is one national first class protected wild animal(Syrmaticus humiae)and 10 species of national second class protected wild animals.Two species are listed in Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES)Appendix I,and 6 species are listed in Appendix II.1 species,Gallinago nemoricola,is listed as vulnerable(VU)by International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN),and 2 species,Macaca assamensis and the Syrmaticus humia,are listed as near threatened(NT).1 species,Mustela strigidorsa,is listed as endangered(EN)in Red List of China's Vertebrates,5 species are listed as VU,and 9 species are listed as NT.Mammals with high relative abundance index values(R)and high trap occupancy values(T)are Sus scrofa(R=5.86,T=57.14),Callosciurus erythraeus(R=3.20,T=78.57),Macaca mulatta(R=2.63,T=85.71),Paguma laroata(R=1.64,T=64.29)and Melogale moschata(R=1.53,T=50.00).Among the birds,Lophura nycthemera(R=2.22,T=78.57)has a high relative abundance index and a high trap occupancy.There are significant differences in the daily activity rhythms between these six dominant species and human disturbance(p<0.O1).Except for the nocturnal Paguma larvata and Melogale moschata,the other 4 diurnal species have a high overlap(A≥0.70)with human disturbance,showing activity at staggered times.The suggestions are as follows:enhance attention to and monitoring of the diversity of birds and mammals in the park;take into account social welfare when developing tourism,and guide locals transform their living and production patterns to reduce their reliance on natural resources;strengthen the management of human activities.
作者
韩克国
张家扬
余金辉
布超
王光正
李军杰
Han Keguo;Zhang Jiayang;Yu Jinhui;Bu Chao;Wang Guangzheng;Li Junjie(Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research,Dali University,Dali 671003,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory of Conservation of Extremely Small Population Wildlife in Yunnan Province,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;National Nature Reserve Management and Protection Bureau in Wenshan,Yunnan,Wenshan 663000,Yunnan,China;Provincial Nature Reserve Management and Protection Bureau of Laojunshan in Malipo,Wenshan 663099,Yunnan,China)
出处
《生物资源》
2025年第2期156-164,共9页
Biotic Resources
基金
云南省重点保护有蹄类动物调查和监测项目(2023GS109D-05)
滇西北生物多样性保护区域肖氏乌叶猴和中缅灰叶猴等重点灵长类调查监测项目。
关键词
云南博吉金国家森林公园
多样性
地栖鸟兽
活动节律
Yunnan Bojijin National Forest Park
diversity
terrestrial bird and mammal
activity rhythm
作者简介
韩克国(1991-),男,硕士,主要从事森林资源管理及动物多样性研究,E-mail:1216626902@qq.com;通讯联系人:李军杰(2001-),男,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事动物生态学研究,E-mailLi-JunJie77@outlook.com。
