摘要
孔头沟西周墓葬出土的权杖头,是由二叠纪卫根珊瑚或梁山珊瑚化石制成。其来源表明西周王畿关中地区存在跨区域的资源(产品)流通,而原料很可能来自汉中地区,畿内大族井氏可能在其流通过程中起着一定作用。西周珊瑚化石权杖头在关中地区的出现,有着特定的社会文化背景。一方面,西周王朝对权杖头这一外来文化特质采取了包容接纳的态度,在关中尤其如此。另一方面,陕甘地区新石器时代以来,就有着使用珊瑚化石器的传统,这为西周王朝吸纳改造权杖头提供了新的形式。但权杖的使用,并未在西周形成较严格的礼制表征系统,这一外来文化特质,最终未能完全融入西周礼制。
This article examines a mace head unearthed from a Western Zhou tomb at the Kongtouguo site,crafted from coral fossils identified as Liangshanophyllum(梁山珊瑚)or Waagenophyllum(卫根珊瑚).The coral fossils likely originated from the Hanzhong area,which suggest the cross-regional transportation of resource to the Guanzhong region,the core area of the Western Zhou Dynasty.The prominent‘Jing’lineage appears to have played a significant role in facilitating this transportation.The appearance of coral fossil mace heads in the Guanzhong region likely arose from specific social and cultural conditions.On the one hand,the Western Zhou Dynasty,particularly in the Guanzhong area,displayed an openness toward foreign cultural influences.On the other hand,the tradition of utilizing coral fossils in the Shaanxi-Gansu region since the Neolithic period provided a foundation for adopting this material in mace head production.However,the Western Zhou Dynasty did not impose a rigid ritual framework on mace heads,and this foreign cultural element remained peripheral to the dynasty’s formal ritual system.
出处
《考古与文物》
北大核心
2025年第5期66-75,共10页
Archaeology and Cultural Relics
基金
全国考古人才振兴计划“西周王朝核心地区国家形态的考古学研究”(编号:2024-262)的阶段性成果。
关键词
珊瑚化石器
权杖头
资源流通
礼制
西周
Coral fossil artifact
Mace head
Resource distribution
Ritual system
Western Zhou Dynasty
