摘要
身为南朝著名的文士,鲍照、江淹、任昉生前均曾获才尽之评,原因各不相同,且有特定的历史文化背景。宋孝武帝性多猜忌,争强斗胜,好为文章,时任中书舍人的鲍照不敢露才扬己,一改先前的奇丽文风,转而写作鄙俗的乐府民歌;齐东昏侯诛戮大臣,任用恩倖小人专掌文翰,即将管知诏令、陪侍左右的江淹,返京前夕编造“张协问锦”“郭璞索笔”的奇幻梦境,借以表露不显同异的出仕态度,以期实现避祸全身的隐秘意图;萧梁社会盛行“诗笔之辨”“诗优笔劣”的文学思想,任昉不满“任笔沈诗”的评价,以笔为诗,大量用典,与五言诗清丽流靡的审美体式风格相背离,遂获才尽之谈。鲍照、江淹才尽主要是政治因素影响的结果,任昉才尽的背后折射出文学观念的发展变迁。
As famous writers in the Southern Dynasty,Bao Zhao,Jiang Yan and Ren Fang were all considered to have lost lit⁃erary talents during their lifetime,which is due to different reasons and has specific historical and cultural backgrounds.Emperor Liu Jun was suspicious by nature,competitive and aggressive,and fond of writing,and Bao Zhao did not dare to expose himself,and changed his previous style of writing to write popular straightforward folk songs.Emperor Xiao Baojuan killed ministers,and did not like the literati,reusing villains in charge of documents.Jiang Yan,who was about to accompany the emperor,made up the dream of“Zhang Xie asking for brocade”and“Guo Pu asking for pen”on the eve of his return to the capital,in order to reveal his official attitude.The literary thought of“poetry being superior to pen”was prevalent in the Liang Dynasty.Ren Fang was dissatis⁃fied with the evaluation of“Ren Fang’s pen and Shen Yue’s poem”,so he used a lot of allusions,which deviated from the fresh and flowing aesthetic style of five-character poems.Bao Zhao and Jiang Yan losing their literary talent are mainly the result of politi⁃cal factors,while Renfang losing his literary talent reflect the development and change of literary concept.
作者
贺伟
HE Wei(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001)
出处
《中国文学研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期41-49,共9页
Research of Chinese Literature
基金
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“历代陶诗注本整理与研究”(2024CWX011)。
关键词
南朝文士
才尽现象
鲍照
江淹
任昉
writers in Southern Dynasty
losing literary talent
Bao Zhao
Jiang Yan
Ren Fang
作者简介
贺伟,文学博士,郑州大学文学院副教授,硕士生导师,郑州大学中原文化资源与发展研究中心研究员。
