摘要
为探寻滨海盐土稻田净化养殖尾水的方式。采用桶栽试验,设置灌溉模式和施用生物炭两种因素,分设浅水勤灌(I1)、浅淹灌溉(I2)和深淹灌溉(I3) 3种水平,以及施用生物炭(B1)和不施用生物炭(B0) 2种水平,共6个处理。灌水后连续3 d测定田面水中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和化学需氧量(COD)浓度。结果表明:(1)养殖尾水滞留稻田3 d后TN、TP和COD去除率达65.84%~71.10%、65.06%~70.66%和95.27~41%;(2)施用生物炭提升稻田净化尾水效果,TN、TP和CDO去除率分别提高11.45%~31.06%、10.35%~39.52%和27.29%~41.63%,去除量提高17.4%~22.9%、14.8%~19.8%和10.9%~16.9%;(3)在100 mm和150 mm淹水深度下,TN、TP和COD去除量提升90%~190%、90%~170%和80%~170%,单位面积的尾水处理量提高100%和200%;(4)返青期后灌水深度100~150 mm维持3 d不会降低水稻产量。研究表明,滨海盐土稻田可降低养殖尾水污染物浓度,且施用生物炭和增加灌溉水深提高净化效果,且未减少产量。研究为滨海盐土稻田净化养殖尾水提供了一种优化模式,即采用100~150mm淹水深度并施用生物炭处理。
In order to explore the way to purify aquaculture wastewater in coastal saline paddy field,there was a pot experiment.Two factors,irrigation patterns and biochar application,were studied,including three levels of irrigation patterns:shallow water frequent irrigation(I1),shallow flooding irrigation(I2),and deep flooding irrigation(I3),and two levels of biochar application:with biochar(B1)and without biochar(B0),resulting in a total of six treatments.The concentrations of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and chemical oxygen demand(COD)of surface water in paddy field were measured for three consecutive days after each irrigation,and rice yield was also recorded after rice matures.The results showed:①the removal rate of TN,TP and COD were 65.84%~71.10%,65.06%~70.66%and 41.00~95.27%after 3 days of retention in paddy fields.②The application of biochar improved the effect of purifying aquaculture wastewater in paddy fields.With biochar,the 3-d removal rate of TN,TP and COD increased by 11.45%~31.06%,10.35%~39.52%and 27.29%~41.63%,respectively.And the removal efficiency increased by 17.4%~22.9%,14.8%~19.8%and 10.9%~16.9%,respectively.③With the irrigation water with the depth of 100~150 mm,The removal efficiency of TN,TP and COD increased by 90%~190%,90%~170%and 80%~170%.And the treatment capacity per unit area increased by 100%and 200%.④After the regreening stage,the irrigation depth of 100~150 mm maintaining of three days would not reduce the yield of rice.The research found that the paddy field with coastal saline soil could reduce the concentration of pollutants in wastewater of aquaculture,and the application of biochar and the increase of irrigation water depth could improve the purification efficiency,which did not reduce the yield.This study provided an optimization mode for the purification of aquaculture wastewater in paddy field with coastal saline soil,which was biochar application with the irrigation depth of 100~150 mm.
作者
牛颖媛
郭雨耕
杨星
童瑶
张雯叶
王如珂
潘杰华
郭相平
NIU Ying-yuan;GUO Yu-geng;YANG Xing;TONG Yao;ZHANG Wen-ye;WANG Ru-ke;PAN jie-hua;GUO Xiang-ping(College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211110,Jiangsu Province,China;Jiangsu Research Institute of Hydraulic Science,Nanjing 210017,Jiangsu Province,China;Jiangsu Land Development and Consolidation Center,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2025年第5期82-88,共7页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
江苏省水利科学研究院自研项目(2023Z037)
江苏省水利科技项目(2024038)。
关键词
尾水净化
生物炭
灌溉模式
滨海盐土稻田
水稻产量
aquaculture wastewater purification
biochar
coastal saline paddy field
water quality
rice yield
作者简介
牛颖媛(2000-),硕士研究生,研究方向为灌排技术。E-mail:nyingyuan@163.com;通讯作者:郭相平(1968-),教授,主要从事灌排技术研究。E-mail:xpguo@hhu.edu.cn。
