彩礼对农户生计发展的影响、逻辑及防返贫涵义——基于代际责任与婚姻效用视角

The Impact,Logic and Anti-Return to Poverty Implications of Bride Price on Farm Households’Livelihood Development——Based on the Perspective of Intergenerational Responsibility and Marital Utility

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摘要彩礼作为中国农村传统文化习俗将长期存在,其上涨带来的负担可能对农村家庭正常生计和发展造成严重负面影响,但就此影响及作用机制仍缺少系统剖析与实证研究。利用三省四期村庄跟踪调研数据和农户专题调研数据,基于代际责任与婚姻效用视角,通过分析彩礼对家庭负债、教育中止与婚姻稳定的影响,深入探究彩礼上涨对农户生计发展产生的影响及内在逻辑。研究发现,在中国农村普遍存在的代际责任文化背景下,子女结婚高彩礼支出确实增加农户陷入负债概率并导致负债金额增加;彩礼上涨也会提高农户陷入贫困概率,表现为村庄贫困户增加和贫困发生程度提高。高彩礼压力还会促使处于学龄阶段的男性提前进入劳动力市场工作以为未来储蓄。此外,高彩礼还会给婚姻稳定增加隐患,婚前高彩礼谈判和支出可能增加夫妻间摩擦和冲突概率,降低婚姻效用,影响婚姻稳定性。随着彩礼支出水平上涨,农村离婚率显著上升。 As a traditional cultural practice in rural China,the bride price will persist for a long time,and the burden of its increase may have a serious negative impact on the normal livelihood and development of rural families,but there is still a lack of systematic analysis and empirical research on this impact and its mechanism of action.Using data from fourphase village tracking surveys in three provinces and thematic surveys of rural households,the study analyzes the effects of the bride price on household indebtedness,education discontinuation,and marital stability based on the perspectives of intergenerational responsibility and marital utility,so as to explore the impact of the rising bride price on the livelihood and development of rural households as well as the internal logic of such a practice.The study finds that under the prevailing culture of intergenerational responsibility in rural China,high bride price expenditure for marriage does increase the probability of indebtedness of farm households and leads to an increase in the amount of indebtedness;the increase in the bride price also increases the probability of poverty of farm households,which is manifested in an increase in the number of poor households in the villages and an increase in the incidence of poverty.High bride price pressures also encourage school-age males to enter the labor market earlier to save for the future.In addition,a high bride price increases the risk of marital stability,as high pre-marriage bride price negotiations and expenditures may increase the probability of friction and conflict between spouses,reduce the utility of marriage,and affect marital stability.As the level of bride price expenditure rises,the rural divorce rate rises significantly.

作者章珂熔陈军 Zhang Kerong;Chen Jun(Comprehensive Department of China Agricultural Museum,Beijing 100026;China Agricultural Museum,Beijing 100026)

机构地区中国农业博物馆农博综合部中国农业博物馆

出处《古今农业》 2025年第1期8-28,共21页 Ancient and Modern Agriculture

基金江苏省社科基金重大项目“江苏率先实现农业农村现代化研究”(21ZD004) 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

关键词婚嫁彩礼农户生计发展家庭负债教育中止婚姻稳定 Bride price Livelihood development of farm households Household indebtedness Discontinuation of education Marriage stabilization

分类号 C913.5 [经济管理]

作者简介章珂熔(1994-),女,中国农业博物馆农博综合部在站博士后,研究方向为农业经济理论与政策、农村发展;通讯作者:陈军(1964-),男,中国农业博物馆研究员,研究方向为农耕文化。