摘要
从文化心理角度梳理国家认同建构的关键因素、结构及其时代变迁,是民众国家认同研究的新视野,对于铸牢现代化国家治理的合法性基础,坚持中国式现代化道路具有极为重要的意义。本研究以1994年、2014年和2022年的三期横断面调查数据为样本,通过随机森林模型遴选影响国家认同的关键因素,进而探索国家认同建构的心理变迁。结果表明,中国民众国家认同建构保持相对稳定状态,个人特质、人际关系和社会观念等多层次文化心理因素共同作用于国家认同建构,但不同时期的因素组合均与其所处发展阶段的时代主题相呼应:公共事务参与、自强不息精神和亲社会性始终在国家认同建构中扮演重要角色;随着现代化进程的推进,国家认同关注重点逐渐由个人物质与安全需求转向精神领域的伦理规范与政治理念,传统文化因素在国家认同建构中发生了创造性转化;进入新时代后,现代政治理念和传统美德、家庭伦理共同成为国家认同建构关键要素。这些发现说明民众国家认同确立是动态建构的过程:既顺应现代化一般规律,同时也从优秀传统文化中汲取精华而发展,是现代化与民族传统的辩证统一。
Combating the key factors,structure and changes of the times in the construction of national identity from the perspective of cultural psychology is a new vision of the study of national identity of the people.It is of great significance for building the legitimacy foundation of modern national governance and adhering to the path of Chinese path to modernization.This study uses cross-sectional survey data from three periods in 1994,2014,and 2022 as samples,selects key factors that affect national identity through a random forest model,and explores the psychological changes in the construction of national identity.The results show that the construction of national identity among the Chinese people remains relatively stable,and multi-level cultural and psychological factors such as personal traits,interpersonal relationships,and social concepts work together to construct national identity.However,the combination of factors in different periods corresponds to the theme of their development stage:participation in public affairs,dedication,and pro sociality always play important roles in the construction of national identity;with the process of modernization,the focus of national identity has gradually shifted from individual material and security needs to ethical norms and political concepts in the spiritual field,and traditional cultural factors have undergone creative transformation in the construction of national identity;after entering the new era,modern political concepts,traditional virtues,and family ethics have become key elements in the construction of national identity.These findings show that the establishment of popular national identity is a process of dynamic construction:it not only conforms to the general law of modernization,but also develops by drawing essence from excellent traditional culture,which is the dialectical unity of modernization and national tradition.
作者
傅承哲
景怀斌
莫庭阳
Fu Chengzhe;Jing Huaibin;Mo Tingyang
出处
《中国社会心理学评论》
2024年第1期79-111,243-244,共35页
Chinese Social Psychological Review
基金
国家自然科学基金相关成果(项目编号:71774181、72074235)
广东省自然科学基金青年提升项目“粤港澳大湾区青年国家认同培育政策的虚拟-现实空间双层赋能机制及其行为优化策略研究”的资助
关键词
国家认同
中国式现代化
中国文化
横断面调查
national identity
modernization of governance
Chinese culture
cross-sectional investigation
作者简介
傅承哲,华南师范大学政治与公共管理学院副教授,管理学博士,研究方向为粤港澳大湾区研究、行为公共政策、政策评估;通讯作者:景怀斌,中山大学中国公共管理研究中心/政治与公共事务管理学院教授,博士生导师,研究方向为国家文化与国家治理、行为公共政策,E-mail:pusjhb@mail.sysy.edu.cn;莫庭阳,华南师范大学政治与公共管理学院硕士研究生,研究方向为行为公共政策。
