摘要
水安全保障导向的发展模式(WOD)是XOD模式在水安全领域的实践和升级,但目前处于理论研究和探索阶段,尚未有政策出台。构建“政策工具-政策对象-政策发展阶段”三维分析框架,将XOD政策工具分为供给型、环境型和需求型;将政策对象划分为规划审批与协调机制、关联项目筛选与捆绑、土地利用与供应、收益反哺机制、投融资模式机制、设计与指标控制;将XOD模式政策发展划分为萌芽阶段(2015-2017年)、发展阶段(2018-2020年)和推进阶段(2021年以后)。借助Nvivo11质性文本分析软件,对EOD、TOD、ROD等XOD模式相关政策文件进行量化分析,为WOD模式政策出台及实践提供有益参考。研究结果表明:推动XOD模式发展的政策体系逐步完善,实践基础进一步稳固,方向进一步明晰;XOD模式政策在不同维度中均存在结构性失衡,需求型政策工具未获得足够重视,市场和社会主体作用未充分发挥;政策对象分布不均,未与XOD模式特点及需求相对应。从强化WOD模式顶层设计、优化项目审批机制、加强项目谋划设计等方面提出推动WOD模式发展的实践启示。
Water security oriented development model(WOD)is regarded as practical application and upgrading of XOD model in water security field.However,theoretical research and studies are still under early stage,without introduction of policy documents.With a three-dimensional analysis framework of“policy tools-targets-development phases”,XOD policy tools can be divided into types of supply,environment and demand.Policy targets can be divided into planning approval and coordination mechanism,selection and bundling of relevant projects,land use and supply,revenue feedback mechanism,investment and financing model mechanism,and design and indicator control.Policy development of XOD model is divided into three phases:embryonic phase(2015-2017),development phase(2018-2020)and promotion phase(after 2021).By using Nvivo11 qualitative document analysis software,we conducted quantitative analysis on policy documents related to XOD models such as EOD,TOD and ROD,in order to provide useful experiences for policy making.The study indicates that policy system for the development of XOD model has been perfecting along with more practices and clarification of directions.But the XOD model policy exhibits structural imbalances across different dimensions,with less attention given to demand driven policy tools and functions of market and civil society.Policy targets are unevenly distributed and incompatible with characteristics and needs of the XOD model.Practical insights are proposed for WOD model development from the aspects of strengthening top-level design,optimizing project approval mechanism and perfecting project planning and design.
作者
吴浓娣
陈世博
刘定湘
刘堃
Wu Nongdi;Chen Shibo;Liu Dingxiang;Liu Kun
出处
《中国水利》
2025年第5期66-72,共7页
China Water Resources
作者简介
吴浓娣,副主任,译审,从事水利政策研究工作。
