摘要
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries be-cause of the similar properties of Li and Na as well as the abundance and accessibility of sodium resources.The devel-opment of anode materials with a high capacity,excellent rate performance,and long cycle life is the key to the indus-trialization of SIBs.Biomass-derived carbon(BDC)anode materials synthesized from resource-rich,low-cost,and re-newable biomass have been extensively researched and their excellent sodium storage performance has been proven,making them the most promising new low-cost and high-performance anode material for SIBs.This review first intro-duces the sources of BDCs,including waste biomass such as plants,animals,and microorganisms,and then describes sev-eral methods for preparing BDC anode materials,including carbonization,chemical activation,and template methods.The storage mechanism and kinetic process of Na^(+)in BDCs are then considered as well as their structure control.The electrochemical properties of sodium-ion storage in BDCs with different structures are examined,and suggestions for future re-search are made.
钠元素具有与锂元素相似的性质,同时钠资源丰富且易于获取,钠离子电池(SIBs)已成为商用锂离子电池的一种有前途的替代品。开发具有高容量、优异倍率性能和长循环寿命的负极材料是钠离子电池产业化的关键。从资源丰富、成本低廉、可再生的生物质中合成的生物质衍生炭(BDCs)负极材料已被广泛研究,并证实其具有优异的储钠性能,有望成为最有前途的新型低成本、高性能SIBs负极材料。本文首先介绍了BDCs的来源,包括植物、动物和微生物等废弃生物质。然后介绍了制备BDCs负极材料的几种方法,包括炭化法、活化法和模板法。随后,分析了BDCs中钠离子的储存机制、动力学以及结构调控工程,还探讨了不同结构的BDCs存储钠的电化学特性。最后,对BDCs负极未来的研究方向进行了展望。
基金
黑龙江省优秀青年基金(YQ2023E002)
国家自然科学基金会(32370413,22478083).
作者简介
第一作者:孙美慈.E-mail:15689316230@163.com;通讯作者:胡忠利,副教授.E-mail:zlhu@cqut.edu.cn;通讯作者:吴小亮,教授.E-mail:wuxiaoliang90@163.com;通讯作者:张文礼,教授.E-mail:hiteur@163.com。
