摘要
对桂西南地区花海进行病害调查,梳理常见花海植物的主要病害种类和相应防治措施,为后续开展科学防治提供参考。2021年6月至2023年7月在南宁、钦州和百色花海景区开展实地踏查并记录病害发生情况,结合文献确定病害种类。结果表明,桂西南地区花海植物病害23种,其中真菌病害21种,细菌病害1种,病毒病害1种;危害程度为重度的8种、中度10种、轻度5种;叶部病害12种、根茎部病害6种;鸡冠花茎腐病、长春花疫病和波斯菊白粉病等8种病害发生频率较高;长春花疫病、百日草疫病和百日草花叶病等6种病害田间防控难度较高。针对常见病害宜根据病原种类喷施相应防治药剂,并与农艺措施相结合,在营建花海时选择抗病性较强或田间病害防控较易的植物品种,科学进行建植与管护。
By surveying flower ocean landscapes in southwestern Guangxi,this study summarizes the major disease species and corresponding control measures for common plants,providing references for scientific control research.From June 2021 to July 2023,field surveys were conducted in Nanning,Qinzhou,and Baize flower ocean landscapes to record the occurrence of diseases and determine the disease species based on the literature review.The results revealed 23 diseases in plants in Southwestern Guangxi,including 21 fungal diseases,one bacterial disease,and one viral disease.Among them,eight diseases were classified as severe,ten diseases as moderate,and five diseases as mild in terms of their impact on plants.Twelve diseases affected the leaves,whereas six affected the roots or stems.Eight diseases had high occurrence frequencies,such as stem rot on Celosia cristata,blight of Catharanthus roseus,powdery mildew on Cosmos bipinnatus,etc.Six diseases,including blight of C.roseus,blight of Zinnia elegans,and mosaic disease of Z.elegans,were particularly challenging to control in the field.For the prevention and control of common diseases,the use of appropriate agrochemicals based on the pathogen species and combining them with agronomic measures is recommended.In addition,selecting plant varieties with high resistance or easy disease control during the construction of flower ocean landscapes and implementing scientific planting and management practices are advised.
作者
刘可丹
孙明艳
周锦业
宋倩
郑亦卿
喇燕菲
LIU Kedan;SUN Mingyan;ZHOU Jinye;SONG Qian;ZHENG Yiqing;LA Yanfei(Agricultural Science and Technology Information Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Flowers Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)
出处
《热带农业科学》
2024年第12期96-102,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture
基金
广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(No.桂农科2022JM80)。
关键词
花海
病害调查
防治措施
桂西南地区
flower ocean landscape
disease investigation
control measures
Southwest Guangxi
作者简介
第一作者:刘可丹(1995-),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为园林植物应用与花卉病害防治,E-mail:liu_kedan@163.com;通信作者:孙明艳(1992-),女,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为园林植物栽培与病害防治,E-mail:270219324@qq.com。
