摘要
调查笋溪河河岸带土壤和水体的质量变化及土壤侵蚀特征,为笋溪河及相关流域生态治理及修复提供理论支撑。以三峡库尾重庆笋溪河流域为研究对象,进行河岸带不同区段44个样点的土壤分层调查和水体采样测定,采用聚类分析、方差分析和相关性分析,探讨库尾小流域河岸带土壤质量、水体质量的变化特征、空间分布格局以及两者之间的相关关系,并估算土壤侵蚀对河流水体造成的影响。结果表明:(1)笋溪河河岸带土壤质量受河流区段的影响,在河岸带纵向和土壤垂直方向上具有不同的变化规律。除粒径外,全河段土壤各理化性质在0~20cm与20~40cm土层间均呈极显著差异(P<0.01),具有一定的垂直分异。单因素方差分析显示,沿河流走向上、中、下游各土层之间的土壤持水性能、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、通气度、pH、全磷和有效磷均呈极显著差异(P<0.001),空间异质性明显。(2)河岸带水体呈碱性,水温从上游到下游逐渐升高,COD、总氮、总磷均呈现下游积聚现象,且在全河段空间分布上呈极显著差异(P<0.001)。(3)不同土层土壤质量状况与水体质量的相关性有一定差异,且水体的化学指标与土壤质量的相关性更强。(4)河岸带土壤以砂粒为主(50.34%~65.54%),土壤可蚀性K值在全河段的差异不显著(P>0.05);20~40cm土层土壤可蚀性K值较大,与0~20cm土层相比具有更高的侵蚀风险。
The riparian zone is an ecologically sensitive area,high in species diversity and rich in ecologi-cal functions.While natural regulation is very high in wetlands,they are vulnerable to environmental stress.In this investigation,we carried out a case study of the Sunxi River watershed in Chongqing City,at the headwaters of Three Gorges Reservoir.We examined soil quality,spatial patterns of eroded soil,cor-related soil and water quality indicators in the riparian zone of the watershed,and assessed the impact of soil erosion on river water quality.The study was based on stratified soil(0-20 cm and 20-40 cm)and water samples collected at 44 sampling points in the river and riparian zone along the upper,middle and lower reaches of Sunxi River in May 2021.Results show that:(1)Soil quality in the riparian zone of the Sunxi River varied predictably with river section,longitudinally along the riparian zone and vertically with soil depth.Except for particle size,soil physicochemical properties differed significantly between the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers(P<0.01).One-way ANOVA showed highly significant differences(P<0.001)in soil water-holding capacity,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,aeration,pH,and both total and available phosphorus content between the two soil layers in the upper,middle and downstream sections of the riparian zone,with obvious spatial heterogeneity.(2)Water in the riparian zone was alkaline,and water temperature gradually increased from upstream to downstream.The COD,total nitro-gen and total phosphorus in river water all increased in the downstream direction,and spatial distribution of parameter values also varied significantly(P<0.001)along the riparian zone.(3)The correlation between soil quality indicators and water quality indicators varied with soil layer,and the correlations between chemical indicators were stronger than correlations between physical indicators.(4)The riparian soil was dominated by sand,accounting for 50.34%-65.54%of the total content.The K value of soil erodibility did not vary significantly within the river watershed(P>0.05).However,the K value for soil erodibility in the lower(20-40 cm)soil layer was higher than for the upper(0-20 cm)layer,indicating a higher erosion risk in the lower layer,and the importance of protecting the upper layer.The results of this study provide theoretical support to guide science-based ecological management and restoration of the Sunxi River and related watersheds.
作者
宁一泓
王海燕
孟海
侯文宁
赵晗
邹佳何
甄诚
NING Yihong;WANG Haiyan;MENG Hai;HOU Wenning;ZHAO Han;ZOU Jiahe;ZHEN Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection,Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第1期70-80,共11页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目“三峡库区面源污染景观生态防治技术集成与示范”(2017YFC0505306)。
关键词
河岸带
土壤质量
水体质量
相关性
土壤可蚀性K值
笋溪河
riparian zone
soil quality
water quality
correlation analysis
K value of soil erodibility
Sunxi River
作者简介
宁一泓,1997年生,女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事面源污染研究。E-mail:llife_520@163.com;通信作者:王海燕,1972年生,女,博士,教授,主要从事土壤学和植物营养学研究。E-mail:haiyanwang72@aliyun.com。
