摘要
目的分析南宁市2018—2022年手足口病病原学构成及特征,为手足口病防控提供参考。方法收集2018—2022年南宁市手足口病例病原学监测数据,对监测结果进行描述性流行病学分析。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2018—2022年南宁市检测手足口病病例5285例,PCR核酸阳性4516例,总阳性率85.45%,不同年份间阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=57.84,P<0.001)。阳性标本CVA6型构成比最高(47.54%),EV A71型构成比最低(占比0.58%),各病原型别构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);手足口病分布有明显的季节性,发病高峰多分布在4至7月和9至11月,不同月份病原阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=519.432,P<0.001)。各县(市、区)均有手足口病病例,均以CV A6型毒株为优势株,CV A16和其他肠道毒株型别交替流行,各县(市、区)优势流行毒株构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=280.731,P<0.001);3岁以下儿童病原阳性检出率高,占总阳性数82.71%;临床表现轻症多以CV A6、CV A16毒株为优势株,重症以其他肠道病毒、CV A6和CV A16毒株为优势株,轻重症感染的不同毒株阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=149.58,P<0.001)。结论2018—2022年南宁市手足口病肠道病毒优势流行株不断变化,以CV A6型毒株为主要流行株,CV A16、CV A10和其他肠道毒株交替流行,呈明显的季节性和地区分布,各县(市、区)应根据手足口病病原学的变化规律及特点,采取针对性的防控措施,科学开展手足口病防控工作。
Objective To analyze the etiological composition and characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Nanning from 2018 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand,foot and mouth disease.The Chi-suare test was used for ratio comparison,with the test levelα=0.05.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on the results of etiological surveillance of hand,foot and mouth disease in Nanning from 2018 to 2022.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 5285 cases of HFMD were detected in Nanning province.Total 4516 cases were positive by PCR,with a total positive rate of 85.45%,the difference of positive rate in different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=57.84,P<0.001).The constituent ratio of CV A6 and EV A71 was the highest(47.54%)and the lowest(0.58%),respectively,the difference of component ratio of pathogens was statistically significant(P<0.001),the distribution of HFMD was obviously seasonal,and the peak of the disease occurred in April to July and September to November.The difference of positive rate of pathogens in different months was statistically significant(χ^(2)=519.432,P<0.001).There were cases of HFMD in every county(city and district).The predominant strain was CVA6 strain,and CVA16 and other enterovirus strains were alternately prevalent,there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of the dominant epidemic strains(χ^(2)=280.731,P<0.001),The positive rate of the population in children under 3 years old was high 82.71%,in mild cases,the predominant strains were CV A6 and CV A16,while in severe cases,the predominant strains were other enteroviruses,CV A6 and CV A16.The difference in the positive rate between different strains in mild and severe infection was statistically significant(χ^(2)=149.58,P<0.001).Conclusions From 2018 to 2022,the predominant enterovirus strains of HFMD in Nanning have been changing continuously.The main prevalent strain is CV A6,and CV A16,CV A10 and other enterovirus strains are alternately prevalent,showing obvious seasonal and regional distribution,all counties(cities and districts)should take appropriate measures to prevent and control HFMD according to the changing regularity and characteristics of the pathogen,and carry out scientific prevention and control work of hand,foot-mouth disease.
作者
黄成伟
曾毅
梁长威
孙恒
闭志友
HUANG Chengwei;ZENG Yi;LIANG Changwei;SUN Heng;BI Zhiyou(Nanning Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530023,Guangxi Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2024年第12期1584-1589,1598,共7页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研基金(项目编号:Z20180348)
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研基金(项目编号:Z20211551)。
关键词
手足口病
肠道病毒
病原学监测
hand,foot-mouth disease
enterovirus
etiological surveillance
作者简介
黄成伟(1991-),男,本科,主管医师,传染病预防控制;通信作者:黄成伟,E-mail:810519211@qq.com。
