摘要
探究典型港湾区域不同土地利用类型土壤重金属污染的时空分布特征及其潜在生态风险,可为相关区域的生态环境保护及土壤重金属污染治理提供科学依据。于2023年4-5月在浙江省宁波市象山港采集了不同土地利用类型下的表层(0-20cm)土壤样品(共计216个),利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了重金属铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、砷(As)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锰(Mn)的质量分数,并分析其分布特征。结果显示,重金属Cu、Zn、As、Cr、Ni、Pb、Cd、Mn质量分数的中值分别为19.0、93.7、17.4、32.0、13.5、35.4、0.170、605mg·kg^(-1)。其中,As、Cd和Mn的污染较严重,尤其是As和Cd达到强生态风险水平,而Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni和Cr的质量分数取值相对较低,大多低于其背景值或轻度污染标准。利用潜在生态风险指数法评估表明,环象山港区域土壤综合潜在生态风险属于中等水平,耕地土壤的生态风险最高,需引起重视。通过相关分析法、主成分分析法和正定矩阵因子分解法等多种源解析方法发现,农业活动、自然源、交通、工业及成土母质混合源分别对重金属污染贡献了22.0%、27.5%、14.4%、22.2%和13.9%。宁波环象山港区域已经出现了一定程度的重金属污染问题,尤其是As和Cd的污染情况较严重,未来应加强对该区域土壤重金属的污染监测与治理,以确保区域生态环境的可持续发展。
In recent years,soil heavy metal pollution has become an increasingly serious issue in the southeastern coastal regions of China,owing to rapid economic growth and industrialization.Although several studies have focused on key coastal areas,most have concentrated on marine sediments or organisms,with limited attention given to soil heavy metal contamination under different land-use types.To address this gap,this study aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions of heavy metals in soil and their potential ecological risks in a typical coastal area.From April to May 2023,surface soil samples(0–20 cm,n=216)were collected from various land-use types in Xiangshan Bay,Ningbo,Zhejiang Province.The concentrations of copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),arsenic(As),chromium(Cr),nickel(Ni),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),and manganese(Mn)were measured and analyzed for their distribution patterns.The results showed that the median concentrations of these heavy metals were 19.0,93.7,17.4,32.0,13.5,35.4,0.170,and 605 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.Among them,As,Cd,and Mn showed higher levels of pollution,with As and Cd posing significant ecological risks,while Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni,and Cr levels were relatively low,often below background values or at mild contamination levels.The potential ecological risk assessment indicated that the overall risk in the Xiangshan Bay area was moderate,with croplands exhibiting the highest risk level.Source apportionment analysis revealed that agricultural activities,natural sources,transportation,industry,and parent materials contributed 22.0%,27.5%,14.4%,22.2%,and 13.9%of heavy metal pollution,respectively.These findings suggest that heavy metal pollution,particularly that of As and Cd,is a major concern in the Xiangshan Bay area.Continuous monitoring and remediation efforts are required to ensure sustainable environmental development in the region.
作者
唐舒娅
王春辉
宋靖
李刚
TANG Shuya;WANG Chunhui;SONG Jing;LI Gang(Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,P.R.China;College of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control,CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun,Ningbo 315830,P.R.China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期1768-1781,共14页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
浙江省自然科学基金探索一般项目(LY23D010004)
宁波市公益性科技计划项目(2022S107)。
关键词
土壤重金属
土地利用类型
分布特征
源解析
潜在生态风险
soil heavy metals
land use types
distributional characteristics
source analysis
potential ecological risks
作者简介
唐舒娅(1999年生),女,硕士研究生,从事区域土壤环境质量与安全研究。E-mail:sytang@iue.ac.cn;通讯作者:宋靖。E-mail:jsong@iue.ac.cn。
