摘要
随着强激光技术领域的不断突破,使得能量转化成物质的施温格过程的实验指日可待.在这样的背景下,在接近实际强激光的模型中理论研究施温格效应至关重要.本文采用量子场论模拟方法在非均匀电场中研究施温格效应的空间特性.首先,发现在能量保持不变的情况下电场的空间尺度显著影响正负电子对的产生率、动量和空间分布.正负电子对的动量和空间分布显示,当电场的空间尺度增大时,因为电场强度变小,所以产生的正负电子对无法及时被分开,抑制正负电子对的产生.最后,用连续性方程研究正负电子对的产生位置分布,发现正负电子对的产生位置分布与电场强度分布是对应的,电子和正电子的产生位置分离一个康普顿波长.此研究结果展示了施温格效应的空间特性,同时解释了弱电场下施温格效应的抑制机制.这些结论在人们常采用的均匀电场近似研究中无法得到.我们的研究对检测施温格实验中的正负电子对具有重要的指导意义.
With the fast development of strong field technology,it is possible to hold an experiment in the near future to test the Schwinger effect.Therefore,theoretical studies on the Schwinger effect are essential to support the upcoming experiment.In this paper,we use quantum field theory simulation method to study the spatial feature of the Schwinger effect in a non-uniform electric field.It is found that the spatial width of the electric field significantly affects the production rate,momentum spectrum and spatial spectrum of electron-positron pairs while the energy remains constant.The momentum and spatial spectra of electron-positron pairs show that when the spatial width of the electric field increases and the electric field intensity is less than the Schwinger threshold,the produced electron-positron pairs cannot be separated in time,which suppress the generation of the electron-positron pairs.At last,the continuity equation is used to calculate the location-based production rate,which shows that the production position distribution of electron-positron pairs corresponds to the electric field intensity distribution,and the final distribution position of electron and positron is separated by one Compton wavelength.These results show the spatial characteristics of Schwinger effect,and explain the suppression mechanism of Schwinger effect under a weak electric field.
作者
落彩青
任云亮
吾拉依木江·司提瓦力地
LUO Cai-Qing;REN Yun-Liang;IBRAHIM Sitiwaldi(Department of Physics,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)
出处
《原子与分子物理学报》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第2期117-123,共7页
Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics
基金
国家自然科学基金(11847160)。
关键词
强激光
施温格效应
量子场论模拟方法
非均匀电场
空间分布
Strong laser
Schwinger effect
Quantum field theoretical simulations
Inhomogeneous electric field
Spatial spectrum
作者简介
落彩青(1996-),女,硕士研究生,从事强激光物理研究.E-mail:luocq2021@stu.xju.edu.cn;通信作者:吾拉依木江·司提瓦力地,E-mail:ibrahim010@sina.com。
