网络犯罪治理的两种模式:规则型治理与技术型治理被引量：12

Two Models of Cybercrime Governance:Law-based Governance and Technology-based Governance

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摘要网络犯罪已经成为当下最主要的犯罪形态和类型,网络犯罪治理需要深度融合法律规则与科学技术,既需要借助于法律规则,也需要借助于算法、代码等信息网络技术,实现“规则型治理”与“技术型治理”的有效协同。在网络犯罪的规则型治理中,可能会存在犯罪治理有效性与规则体系融贯性的冲突,这既包括内部的融贯性问题,也包括外部的融贯性问题。科学技术会从正反两个层面影响国家对网络犯罪的治理能力。规则型治理主要是通过事后惩罚的方式来治理网络犯罪,其治理主体通常是执法机关、司法机关等国家专门机关,其治理措施具有法定性、封闭性。技术型治理则主要是通过事前预防措施来治理网络犯罪,其治理主体通常是网络服务提供者等商业主体,其治理措施具有多样性、开放性。技术型治理的诞生和兴起,并不是要完全替代规则型治理,它们完全可以协同发展。网络犯罪的规则型治理无法脱离相关科学技术,科学技术可用于辅助规则型治理的有效实现,很多技术型治理措施已经上升为网络犯罪治理新兴领域法中的法定措施或者义务。 Cybercrime has become a prominent form and type of crime at present.The governance of cybercrime requires a deep integration of legal regulations and scientific technology,relying not only on legal rules but also on algorithms,code,and other information network technologies.This enables effective collaboration between“law-based governance”and“technology-based governance”.In law-based governance on cybercrime,there may be conflicts between the effectiveness of crime control and the coherence of the rule system,including both internal and external coherence issues.Science and technology can impact a nation’s ability to govern cybercrime from both positive and negative perspectives.Law-based governance primarily regulates cybercrime through post-facto punishment with enforcement typically carried out by specialized state and judicial agencies.The measures used in this approach are statutory and closed.On the other hand,technology-based governance mainly aims to control cybercrime through preventive measures,with commercial entities such as network service providers often taking the lead.These measures are diverse and open.The emergence and rise of technology-based governance are not meant to entirely replace rule-based governance and they can develop in synergy.Law-based governance of cybercrime cannot be separated from the relevant technologies,which can assist the effective implementation of rule-based governance.Many technology-based governance measures have already been elevated to statutory measures or obligations within emerging fields of cybercrime governance law.

作者谢登科 XIE Deng-ke(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun,130012)

机构地区吉林大学理论法学研究中心

出处《云南社会科学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第5期47-59,共13页 Social Sciences in Yunnan

基金吉林省教育厅社会科学研究重大项目“吉林省在线诉讼规则适用实证研究”(项目号:JJKH20231101SK)的阶段性成果。

关键词网络犯罪规则型治理技术型治理协同治理 Cybercrime Law-based Governance Technology-based Governance Collaborative Governance

分类号 D60 [政治法律—中外政治制度]

作者简介谢登科,男,法学博士,吉林大学理论法学研究中心教授、博士生导师,主要从事刑事诉讼法学、证据法学、数据法学研究。