摘要
目的探究2018—2022年成都地区体检人群中2型糖尿病(T2DM)的流行病学特征及相关影响因素,为T2DM的防治提供科学依据。方法选取2018年1月—2022年12月在成都市某三级甲等综合性医院健康管理中心进行年度健康体检的成都市常住居民13357例为研究对象,通过自制的健康问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测等方面对人口学特征和体检相关指标予以收集,随后进行T2DM诊断,采用单因素分析和多因素分析方法对T2DM的影响因素进行深入分析。结果成都地区2018—2022年体检人群T2DM患病率呈上升趋势,2018年T2DM的患病率为21.05%,2022年为23.01%,年平均患病率为5.61%(4.27%~6.86%),其变化趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05),且男性患病率高于女性;在2022年体检人群中,25~45岁年龄段的T2DM患者比例有所增加,而35~55岁之间的女性患病率高于男性。2022年共纳入2872例体检人群为研究对象,其中663例确诊为T2DM(T2DM组),其余为正常组。结果可以观察到,吸烟、年龄、饮食习惯、饮酒、T2DM家族史、高血压家族史、BMI均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T2DM组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)浓度水平较正常组低(P<0.05),而T2DM组总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)浓度水平则较正常组高(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=1.629,P=0.002)、BMI(OR=1.985,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=1.747,P<0.001)、饮酒(OR=1.865,P<0.001)、饮食习惯(OR=1.541,P<0.001)、T2DM家族史(OR=2.312,P<0.001)、高血压家族史(OR=2.587,P<0.001)、血脂水平(OR=2.041,P<0.001)均是成都地区体检人群患T2DM的影响因素。结论2018—2022年成都地区体检人群中T2DM患病率上升,与BMI、年龄、饮酒、吸烟、饮食习惯、T2DM家族史、高血压家族史、血脂水平等因素显著相关,为T2DM的防治提供了重要依据。需针对性地加强T2DM的宣传教育,提高居民对该疾病的认知,并采取科学综合措施来有效防控T2DM。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among the health check-up population in Chengdu from 2018 to 2022,to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.Methods A total of 13357 permanent residents who underwent annual health check-ups at a tertiary hospital’s health management center in Chengdu from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected as study subjects.Data on demographic characteristics and health check-up indicators were collected through a self-designed health questionnaire,physical examinations,and laboratory tests.T2DM diagnoses were made,and univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore the influencing factors of T2DM.Results The prevalence of T2DM among the health check-up population in Chengdu showed an upward trend from 2018 to 2022,increasing from 21.05%in 2018 to 23.01%in 2022,with an annual average increase of 5.61%(ranging from 4.27%to 6.86%),which was statistically significant(P<0.05).The prevalence was higher in males than in females.In 2022,the proportion of T2DM patients aged 25 to 45 increased,while the prevalence among females aged 35 to 55 was higher than that of males.A total of 2872 individuals were included in the study in 2022,of which 663 were diagnosed with T2DM(T2DM group),and the others constituted the normal group.Statistically significant associations(P<0.05)were observed with factors such as smoking,age,dietary habits,alcohol consumption,family history of T2DM,family history of hypertension,and BMI.The concentration levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were lower in the T2DM group compared to the normal group(P<0.05),while total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and triglyceride(TG)levels were higher in the T2DM group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis indicated that age(OR=1.629,P=0.002),BMI(OR=1.985,P<0.001),smoking(OR=1.747,P<0.001),alcohol consumption(OR=1.865,P<0.001),dietary habits(OR=1.541,P<0.001),family history of T2DM(OR=2.312,P<0.001),family history of hypertension(OR=2.587,P<0.001),and lipid levels(OR=2.041,P<0.001)were significant influencing factors for T2DM in the Chengdu health check-up population.Conclusion The rising prevalence of T2DM among the health check-up population in Chengdu from 2018 to 2022 is significantly associated with BMI,age,alcohol consumption,smoking,dietary habits,family history of T2DM,family history of hypertension,and lipid levels.This provides important evidence for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.Targeted education and awareness campaigns are necessary to improve residents’understanding of the disease,along with the implementation of comprehensive scientific measures for effective prevention and control of T2DM.
作者
张怡
杨波
李茂
唐蕾
ZHANG Yi;YANG Bo;LI Mao;TANG Lei(Health Management Center,Clinical Medical College/Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610081,China)
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第17期3157-3162,3179,共7页
Modern Preventive Medicine
基金
四川省科技计划项目(重点研发项目)(2021YFS0159)。
关键词
2型糖尿病
成都地区
流行病学
影响因素
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Chengdu
Epidemiology
Influencing factors
作者简介
张怡(1979-),女,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:健康管理;通信作者:张怡,E-mail:cdzyzhangyi@163.com。
