摘要
为加快推进秸秆综合利用、健全秸秆收储运体系,以江西省恒湖垦殖场为研究对象,分别对稻秆收集、存储过程及经济成本进行调查研究,构建适宜万t以上规模稻秆的收储运体系。结果表明:(1)自然条件下晾晒第4 d田间稻秆含水率≤20%,打捆机可入场作业;(2)优化打捆机田间作业参数,保障稻秆质量稳定和安全储存(草捆密度≥150 kg·m-3,含杂率≤5%);(3)优化稻秆堆场设计,提升堆储能力,保障堆场稻秆安全稳定;(4)随着储存时间的推移,稻秆的腐败程度逐渐增加,变异系数以纤维素含量最大,且无膜覆盖大于有膜覆盖,底层大于顶层和中层;(5)围绕稻秆收集、存储、运输等关键环节建立稻秆收储运体系经济模型,评估该体系经济成本,集中型机械收储运模式总经济成本约290元·t-1。这一研究可为建设高效的秸秆收储运体系、秸秆综合利用产业发展提供技术支撑。
This study focuseed on the Henghu reclamation farm in Jiangxi Province with the aim of enhancing the comprehensive utilization of straw and improving its collection,storage,and transportation system.The study analyzed the process of rice straw collection,storage,and economic cost and develops a suitable rice straw collection,storage,and transportation system for more than 10000tons.The results were as follows:①The baler can be admitted to the field if the water content of rice straw was≤20%on the 4th day under natural conditions.②To ensure the stability of the quality of the rice straw and safe storage,the field operation parameters of the baler.This included maintaining a density of straw bales≥150kg·m-3 and an impurity rate≤5%.③To enhance the stacking and storage capacity of the rice straw yard,optimizing its design while ensuring the safety and stability of the rice straw.④As storage time increased,the degree of rice stalk corruption gradually increased.The cellulose content coefficient of variation was the largest.Additionally,the non-film cover coefficient of variation was higher than that of the film cover.The bottom layer coefficient of variation was also higher than that of the top and middle layers.⑤An economic model for rice straw collection,storage,and transportation should be established.This model should evaluate the economic cost of the rice straw collection,storage,and transportation system.The total economic cost of the centralized mechanical collection,storage,and transportation model was approximately 290yuan·t-1.The study results offered technical support for the creation of an effective system for collecting,storing,and transporting straw and for the development of the comprehensive utilization of the straw industry in Jiangxi Province.
作者
吴强建
曲斌
吁安
邹华
陈莎莎
戴珍
丁博文
甄峰
陈柳萌
WU Qiangjian;QU Bin;YU An;ZOU Hua;CHEN Shasha;DAI Zhen;DING Bowen;ZHEN Feng;CHEN Liumeng(Institute of Agricultural Applied Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;College of Arts and Sciences,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Jiangxi Hengrang Ecological Agricultural Technology Company Limited,Nanchang 330100,China;Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,CAS,Guangzhou 510640,China;Graduate Workstation for Integration of Industry and Education,Northeast Agricultural University,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Resources,CAS,Harbin 150030,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-point Souce Pollution Control and Waste Comperhensive Vtilization,Nanchang 330200,China)
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第3期28-35,共8页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GY2021ZB0253、GA21D009)
江西省重大科技研发专项“揭榜挂帅”项目(20213AAF02023)
广州市科技计划项目(2023B03J1229)。
关键词
稻秆
收储运
综合利用
rice straw
collection,storage and transportation
comprehensive utilization
作者简介
吴强建(1997-),男,江西永丰人,江西省农业科学院研究实习员、硕士,主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用研究;通信作者:陈柳萌,江西省农业科学院副研究员、博士,主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用研究,E-mail:m18679118710@163.com。
