摘要
目的:了解不同特征恶性肿瘤患者营养状况和营养治疗情况,并分析存在的问题,旨在更好地为恶性肿瘤患者的营养治疗提供依据。方法:随机选取2019年9月—2020年8月在淄博市中心医院住院治疗的恶性肿瘤患者196例,采用患者主观整体评估(Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment,PG-SGA)量表对患者进行营养评估,并收集患者离评估时刻最近时间的白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白等营养生化指标及本次住院期间营养治疗情况,并对患者营养状况和营养治疗情况进行分析总结。结果:196例肿瘤患者营养风险发生率为42.9%,营养不良发生率为79.6%,中重度营养不良发生率为49.5%。年龄≥65岁患者中,中重度营养不良者占比为58.9%,高于年龄<65岁者(40.6%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.597,P<0.05)。消化系统肿瘤患者、上消化道肿瘤患者中,中重度营养不良者占比分别为59.5%、70.0%,分别高于非消化系统肿瘤患者(42.7%)、下消化道肿瘤患者(41.4%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.298和6.239,P<0.05)。PG-SGA≥4分的中重度营养不良患者体质指数、白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白等营养相关指标均低于PG-SGA<4分者,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.483、3.961、5.395、3.227,P<0.05)。中重度营养不良患者进行营养治疗的比例为66.0%(64/97),主要以肠外营养治疗为主,占92.2%(59/64),肠外营养治疗以单瓶输注脂肪乳和/或氨基酸为主,占74.6%(44/59)。结论:住院恶性肿瘤患者营养不良发生率较高,消化系统肿瘤患者和老年肿瘤患者存在营养不良的比例更高,应特别关注,营养不良肿瘤患者营养治疗的规范性需要加强。
OBJECTIVE To understand the nutritional status and nutritional treatment of patients with different characteristics of malignant tumors,and analyze the existing problems,in order to provide a better basis for nutritional treatment of patients with ma-lignant tumors.METHODS 196 malignant tumor patients admitted to Zibo Central Hospital from September 2019 to August 2020 were randomly selected for nutritional assessment using PG-SGA.The nutritional biochemical indicators such as albumin,prealbu-min,and hemoglobin were collected from the closest time to the assessment,as well as the nutritional treatment during this hospitalization.The nutritional status and nutritional treatment status of the patients were analyzed.RESULTS The incidence of nu-tritional risk,malnutrition and moderate and severe malnutrition was 42.9%,79.6%and 49.5%in 196 tumor patients.Among the pa-tients aged≥65 years,the proportion of moderate and severe malnutrition was 58.9%,which was higher than that of the patients aged<65 years(40.6%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=6.597,P<0.05).In patients with digestive system tu-mors and upper digestive tract tumors,the proportion of moderate and severe malnutrition was 59.5%and 70.0%,respectively,high-er than that of patients with non-digestive system tumors(42.7%)and patients with lower digestive tract tumors(41.4%),with statisti-cal significance(χ2=5.298,6.239.P<0.05).The body mass index,albumin,prealbumin,hemoglobin and other nutrition-related in-dexes of moderate to severe dystrophy patients with PG-SGA≥4 points were lower than those with PG-SGA<4 points,and the differences were statistically significant(t=5.483,3.961,5.395,3.227,P<0.05).The proportion of patients with moderate and severe malnutrition receiving nutrition treatment was 66.0%(64/97),mainly parenteral nutrition treatment,accounting for 92.2%(59/64),and parenteral nutrition treatment was mainly single bottle infusion of fat milk and/or amino acids,accounting for 74.6%(44/59).CONCLUSION The incidence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients with malignant tumors is higher,and the proportion of mal-nutrition in patients with digestive system tumors and elderly tumors is higher.Special attention should be paid to the normalization of nutritional treatment in patients with malnourished tumors.
作者
巩萍
李倩倩
Gong Ping;Li Qianqian(Zibo Central Hospital,Zibo,Shandong,255000,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2024年第7期106-110,共5页
Chinese Primary Health Care
