摘要
目的:分析重庆老年人自评健康状况及变化趋势,为推进实施健康老龄化提供参考。方法:利用第七次人口普查数据,分析重庆老年人自评健康状况及特点,从截面变化和队列变化两个角度,与第六次人口普查数据进行比较。结果:2010—2020年,重庆老年人自评健康状况持续向好,不健康/生活不能自理的老年人比例下降至1.96%,新生代老年人健康状况明显提升,城乡之间、性别之间的差异显著缩小,但高龄女性、乡村地区、中心城区以外地区的老年人自评健康状况相对较差,老年人自评健康状况与婚姻状态、居住方式、主要收入来源等密切相关。结论:重庆老年人自评健康状况不容乐观,如何满足规模日益庞大的老年群体的健康服务需求,缓解疾病与人口老龄化叠加对养老照护、社会保障及经济社会发展的深远影响,是一项亟待研究解决的课题。
Objective To analyze the self-assessed health status and the trend of change of the elderly in Chongqing,and to provide reference for promoting the implementation of healthy aging.Methods Using the data from the seventh population census,the self-assessed health status and characteristics of the elderly in Chongqing were analyzed,which were compared with the data from the sixth population census from the perspectives of cross-sectional change and cohort change.Results From 2010 to 2020,the self-assessed health status of the elderly in Chongqing continued to improve,and the proportion of older people who was unhealthy or unable to take care of themselves in daily life had decreased to 1.96%.The health status of the new generation of the elderly had improved significantly,and the differences between urban and rural areas and between genders had narrowed significantly,but the self-assessed health status of the elderly in the senior female population,in the rural areas,and in the areas outside of the central urban area was relatively poorer.Self-assessed health status of the elderly was closely related to marital status,mode of residence,and main source of income.Conclusion The self-assessed health status of the elderly in Chongqing is not optimistic.How to meet the health service demand of the increasingly large elderly population,and alleviate the far-reaching impact of the superimposed effects of disease and population aging on nursing care,social security,and economic and social development is a topic that needs to be urgently researched and solved.
作者
谭睿
TAN Rui(Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College,Chongqing 404120,China)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“老龄少子化背景下家庭照料代际冲突与应对机制研究”(23CSH053)
重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目“长期护理保险试点的‘重庆经验’研究”(21SKGH329)。
关键词
老年人
健康老龄化
自评健康状况
截面变化
队列变化
elderly
healthy aging
self-assessed health status
cross-sectional change
cohort change
作者简介
谭睿(1990-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向:卫生政策与社会保障。
