摘要
李白与道、佛的关系,是先入道后入佛。这与中国思想史道先释后,尤其是东晋以来士大夫由道教进入佛教的基本背景相关。以南朝时期盛行的门业之说而论,李白的“门业”应属道教,而他少年时期的政治背景也是崇道尚玄的。李白深受玄学的影响“,玄”是其融合佛道的关键性概念。李白在阐释佛教义理时,多使用《庄子》的思想与词语。李白对生命本体的理解,其生命理想或称幻想,有从道教神仙向佛教金仙的发展变化。李白虽然经常将仙、隐、道、佛叠合在一起,但接受了大乘佛教的般若、实相、涅槃思想,其归宿在于“惟佛知慧大而光生死雪”。所以,李白生命哲学的最高境地在于佛教。
Li Bai's relationship with Taoism and Buddhism followed Taoism and Buddhism followed a pattern of initial Taoist and subsequent Buddhist influences.It was related to the historical context that Buddhism appeared after Taoism in China,especially that since the Eastern Jin,literati often engaged in Taoism before they engaged in Buddhism.In terms of"learning heritage",an idea popular during the southern dynasties,Li Bai's"learning heritage"belonged to Taoism.In his youth,Taoism and the concept of the"mysterious"held significant value in the political sphere.Deeply influenced by the concept of the"mysterious",he integrated this idea into his synthesis of Buddhism and Taoism.When explaining Buddhist doctrines,Li Bai often employed ideas and words from the Zhuangzi.His understanding of the essence of life and his life ideals or fantasies evolved from the Taoist immortals to the Buddhist golden immortals.Although Li Bai frequently combined immortality,seclusion,Taoism,and Buddhism,as he embraced the concepts of prajna(wisdom),actual phenomenon,and nirvana from Mahayana Buddhism,he found his spiritual home in"only Buddha's profound wisdom could then illuminate the clouds of life and death."Therefore,the highest realm of Li Bai's life philosophy lies in Buddhism.
出处
《中国高校社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期84-97,M0005,共15页
Social Sciences in Chinese Higher Education Institutions
关键词
李白
佛教
道教
玄学
生命哲学
Li Bai
Buddhism
Taoism
the learning of the mysterious
life philosophy
作者简介
钱志熙,北京大学中文系教授,北京,100871。
