摘要
随着社会老龄化的增加,神经退行性疾病(如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病等)和脑血管疾病(如脑出血、脑梗死等)对人类的生活产生了极大的影响。神经炎症被认为在神经退行性疾病和脑血管疾病的发生发展中起着主要作用,是一个具有潜在价值的治疗靶点^([1])。神经炎症在人体中具有双重作用,它本身是一种防御机制,可以去除病原体进而保护机体;然而,持续的炎症反应可诱发神经毒性与神经变性,不利于机体的恢复^([2])。小胶质细胞是大脑中释放炎症因子的主要细胞,被认为是神经炎症主要的病理特征^([3])。小胶质细胞广泛分布于大脑和脊髓,是中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)中唯一具有单核巨噬细胞功能的固有免疫细胞,因而是CNS最主要的一道免疫防线^([4])。在正常生理条件下,小胶质细胞通过伸展和收缩突起连续监测周围环境和脑内稳态的改变,发挥着免疫监视的作用^([5])。
In the central nervous system,CX3CL1 is a transmembrane chemokine expressed on neurons,and its specific receptor CX3CR1 is located on microglia.The combination of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 is regarded as the bond of interaction between neurons and microglia.Bidirectional communication between microglia and neurons is essential for maintaining brain homeostasis and overcoming neuroinflammation,which is thought to play an important role in neurode-generative and cerebrovascular diseases.This article reviews the mechanisms of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in the proliferation,metabolism,activation,polarization and regulation of synaptic plasticity of microglia,and uses this sig-naling pathway as a target to regulate the role of microglia in the disease process,which may provide a new target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.
作者
罗维
范梦瑶
黎晓
LUO Wei;FAN Mengyao;LI Xiao(Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou 341000,China)
出处
《中国病理生理杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期938-943,共6页
Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82160688)
赣州市科技计划项目(No.2022B-SF9554)。
作者简介
通讯作者:黎晓,E-mail:lixiao7979@163.com。
