摘要
Tau是脑内含量最多的微管相关蛋白（ microtu-bule-associated proteins ， MAPs ），其病理性改变与多种中枢神经系统疾病密切相关。
1 Tau的生理功能
Tau在神经细胞的轴突广泛表达，主要起促进微管（ microtubulin ， MT）形成和稳定MT的作用，并参与细胞内物质运输、有丝分裂、神经递质和信号传递等生理过程。 tau基因定位于17号染色体，含碱基100 kb，16个外显子，其结构被分为N端、脯氨酸富含区域、微管结合区域和C端4部分。其中的脯氨酸富含区含有许多磷酸化位点，能被其它蛋白包括酪氨酸激酶Fyn的SH3结构域识别，进而发生磷酸化修饰，参与tau生理和病理功能的调控［1］。目前的研究发现，与成熟脑相比发育脑的tau呈现特殊的磷酸化，并在髓鞘化进程中发挥重要作用。
Tau is the most abundant microtubule-associated protein in the brain .If tau protein lost the normal function, the toxic effect should be showed and plays an important role in various central nervous system lesions .Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （ HIE） is an important cause of mortality in the neonatal period and it is mainly characterized by neurological deficits such as cognitive limitations .However , the mechanism still needs further study , and the underlying re-lationship between tau protein and HIE lacks direct evidence .Some recent clinical study reported that tau protein expres-sion elevated in the serum of asphyxia children and had a high correlation with behavior deficient .In this review , we focus on 3 key points to provide new insights to understand the tau protein-related pathogenesis of HIE as followed：（1） tau pro-tein and its phosphorylation change during central nervous system development ;（2） comparison of tau protein expression in developing brain and adult brain under some neurological disorders;（3） potential pathological change of tau in HIE related pathological conditions , such as dysmyelination , inflammation response and glutamate metabolism .
出处
《中国病理生理杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期181-187,共7页
Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81200939
No.31260242)
云南自然科学基金资助项目(No.2011FB060)
作者简介
通讯作者Tel：0871-659228958；E-mail：leefan623@sina．com
