摘要
东北虎豹国家公园是国务院设立的第1批国家公园之一,科学合理评价国家公园及周边区域的综合效益,可为进一步优化国家公园体制建设提供依据。文中以东北虎豹国家公园及周边区域为例,构建包含生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的多层次指标体系,采用熵权法与TOSIS法相结合的方式,测算东北虎豹国家公园建立前后公园及周边区域的综合效益及变化趋势;在此基础上,运用耦合协调度模型分析3类效益的协调程度。结果表明:1)东北虎豹国家公园及周边区域综合效益2021年较2012年有所上升。其中,生态效益呈现增长趋势,而社会效益和经济效益均有所下降。三者耦合协调度虽有增长,但整体水平依旧较差。2)东北虎豹国家公园的建立对于生态效益有明显提高作用,而对于经济效益和社会效益则有明显的挤出效应。东北虎豹国家公园在保护中谋求发展,协调三大效益发展水平,但优化生态补偿制度仍面临着极大的挑战。建议进一步完善国家公园相关法律法规建设、优化调整公园治理保护模式、探索在地化生态产品价值的实现方式、确保生态补偿政策的精准性、开展适宜当地的特许经营。
The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is one of the first batch of national parks approved to set up by the State Council.Conducting the science-based and reasonable evaluation of the comprehensive benefits of national park and its surrounding areas could provide the basis for further optimize the institutional development of national park.Taking the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park and its surrounding area as a case,the paper constructs a multi-level indicator system covering ecological benefits,economic benefits,and social benefits,and combines the entropy weight method and TOSIS method to calculate the comprehensive benefits and its changes before and after the establishment of the National Park.Based on this,a coupling coordination degree model is used to analyze the coordination degree among the three types of benefits.The results show:1)The comprehensive benefits of the National Park and its surrounding area have increased from 2012 to 2021,and its ecological benefits present an increasing trend,while its social and economic benefits have decreased.Although with slight increase,the coupling degree of the three is overall poor;and 2)The establishment of the National Park has a significant effect on improving ecological benefits,while a significant crowding-out effect on economic and social benefits.The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is greatly challenged during its seeking for development through protection,its coordinating the development of the three benefits and its optimizing ecosystem.It is proposed that more effort should be made to improve the legislation on national park,optimize the governance and protection of national park,explore the ways to realize eco-product value,ensure the precision of ecosystem compensation policy and appropriately promote the franchise management of national park.
作者
刘佳磊
黄颖利
许崇亮
何阳生
秦会艳
Liu Jialei;Huang Yingli;Xu Chongliang;He Yangsheng;Qing Huiyan(School of Economics and Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Dongning 157200,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《林草政策研究》
2023年第4期54-61,共8页
Journal of forestry and grassland policy
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“国家公园生态保护对原住居民福祉的影响及提升机制研究”(22CGL064)。
关键词
国家公园周边区域
综合效益
耦合协调度
熵权法TOPSIS
东北虎豹国家公园
surrounding area of national park
comprehensive benefit
coupling degree
entropy weight TOPSIS method
Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park
作者简介
第一作者:刘佳磊(2002-),男,本科生,研究方向为国家公园。E-mail:960316935@qq.com;通信作者:秦会艳(1988-),女,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为生态经济、绿色发展、国家公园等。E-mail:huiyanqin@hotmail.com。
