摘要
丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和根瘤菌可以影响植物生产力、微生物群落结构和土壤质量,是生态系统可持续发展的重要驱动因子。在长期的进化过程中,AMF和根瘤菌逐步形成了互惠互利共生关系,充分发挥AMF-根瘤菌-植物共生体的生物固氮和养分吸收等作用,对于减少化学肥料的投入,保障农业可持续发展具有重要意义。但也有研究表明AMF和根瘤菌之间存在相互制约的作用,这可能与环境因素密切相关。因此,需要系统总结AMF-根瘤菌与植物共生相互作用的机理及其影响因素。本研究通过文献梳理以及定性比较分析,阐明了植物根系通过根系分泌物刺激根瘤菌和AMF形成结瘤因子和菌根因子,激活后续信号通路,从而使根瘤菌和AMF与植物建立共生关系的过程和机制;概述了AMF-根瘤菌与植物共生的协同增效和拮抗作用;总结了影响AMF和根瘤菌与植物共生及其相互作用的生物和非生物因素。最后,本研究提出AMF-根瘤菌与植物建立共生关系的作用机理目前还不完全明确,微生物菌肥研发缓慢等问题,并从理论、技术和应用等层面对未来研究的重点方向进行了展望,以期为利用AMF和根瘤菌促进农业可持续发展提供新思路和新方法。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and rhizobia play crucial roles in plant productivity,microbial community structure,and soil quality.As such,they are key organisms for achieving sustainable ecosystem development.Over time,a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship develops between AMF and rhizobia,and this relationship is essential for effective biological nitrogen fixation and nutrient absorption.Such effective symbioses reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers,thereby facilitating sustainable agricultural practices.However,studies have shown that various environmental factors can hinder the formation of symbiotic relationships between AMF and rhizobia.Therefore,it is necessary to systematically explore the mechanism of the AMF-rhizobia interaction and the factors that affect it.On the basis of a literature review and qualitative comparative analysis,we described the process and mechanism by which plant roots released exudates to stimulate rhizobia and AMF to produce nodulation factors and mycorrhizal factors,thereby activating signaling pathways involved in the establishment of symbiotic relationships between rhizobia-AMF and plants.This review summarized the results of research on the synergism and interaction between AMF-rhizobia and plants,and the biological and abiotic factors affecting the AMF-rhizobia symbiosis and interactions.We highlighted the current gaps in knowledge related to the mechanisms of the symbiotic relationships among AMF,rhizobia,and plants,and discussed the reasons for the slow development of microbial fertilizers.Finally,we discussed future research directions at the theoretical,technical,and application levels.Further research will provide novel ideas and methods for using AMF and rhizobia to promote sustainable agricultural development.
作者
段海霞
师茜
康生萍
苟海青
罗崇亮
熊友才
DUAN Hai-xia;SHI Qian;KANG Sheng-ping;GOU Hai-qing;LUO Chong-liang;XIONG You-cai(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期166-182,共17页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32360328)
青海省自然科学基金青年项目(2022-ZJ-970Q)
青海省帅才科学家负责制项目(2024-SF-102)
青海大学省部共建三江源生态和高原农牧业国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2022-ZZ-01)
青海省科技特派员专项(2023-NK-P62)资助。
关键词
丛枝菌根真菌
根瘤菌
相互作用
共生
固氮
农业可持续发展
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
rhizobia
interactions
symbiosis
nitrogen fixation
sustainable development of agriculture
作者简介
段海霞(1989-),女,山西榆社人,助理研究员,博士。E-mail:duanhx14@163.com;通信作者:罗崇亮.E-mail:luochl@nwipb.cas.cn。
