劳动力市场参与、社会互助依赖与乡村社会转型的区域差异--基于河南、山西两地传统农村变迁的考察

Regional Differences in Labor Market Participation,Dependence on Social Mutual Assistance and Rural Social Transformation--Based on the study of traditional rural changes in Henan and Shanxi

在线阅读下载PDF

导出

摘要区域差异显著,是我国乡村社会发展的鲜明特征和基本事实。既有空间变迁视角下的村落终结论和社会结构视角下的区域差异论相关研究,难以对我国同一社会结构背景下乡村社会转型及其影响机制做出充分解释。基于河南、山西两地传统农村变迁的考察,研究发现:劳动力市场参与是理解我国各地乡村社会转型的重要视角和关键变量。在全国性劳动力市场参与条件下,以河南农村为典型代表的农村劳动力务工距离较远,对村庄传统社会互助体系冲击较大,导致村民与村庄关系日益松散,乡村社会转型较为迅速;在区域性劳动力市场参与条件下,以山西农村为典型代表的农村劳动力务工距离适中,对村庄传统社会互助体系冲击有限,一条龙服务等市场化机制难以完全替代,村民与村庄关系韧性较强,乡村社会转型较为平缓。在既有社会结构等视角之外,劳动力市场视角,无疑是对既有解释的进一步尝试性拓展,可以较好地弥补既有社会结构视角对我国乡村社会转型问题所遗留的解释空白。 The significant regional differences are the distinctive characteristics and basic facts of rural social development in our country.Existing studies related to the end of villages under the perspective of spatial change and the theory of regional differences under the perspective of social structure can hardly provide an adequate explanation of the social transformation of villages and its influencing mechanism in the context of the same social structure in China.Based on the investigation of the traditional rural changes in Henan and Shanxi,the study finds that labor market participation is an important perspective and key variable to understand the rural social transformation in China.Under the condition of participation in the national labor market,the rural labor force in Henan province,as a typical representative,work farther away from their villages,which has a greater impact on the traditional social mutual assistance system of the village,resulting in the increasingly loose relationship between villagers and villages,and more rapid transformation of rural society.Under the condition of regional labor market participation,the rural labor force,typical of rural Shanxi Province,work in a moderate distance from their villages,which has limited impact on the traditional social mutual assistance system of villages,and market-based mechanisms such as one-stop service are difficult to completely replace them.so the relationship between villagers and villages is more resilient,and the transformation of rural society is more gentle.In addition to the existing social structure perspective,the labor market perspective is undoubtedly a further attempt to expand the existing explanations,which can better make up for the explanation gaps left by the existing social structure perspective on China's rural social transformation.

作者邢社贵王向阳 XING Shegui;WANG Xiangyang

机构地区甘肃省白龙江林业保护中心甘肃省白龙江林业保护中心规划财务处西南交通大学公共管理学院

出处《原生态民族文化学刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第3期87-100,155,共15页 Journal of Ethnic Culture

基金国家社会科学基金西部项目“基于村社统筹的欠发达地区农村养老服务精准供给模式研究”(22XSH016)。

关键词区域差异乡村社会转型劳动力市场社会互助体系村落终结论 Regional differences Rural social transformation The labor market Social mutual assistance system The end of villages

分类号 C951 [社会学—民族学]

作者简介邢社贵,甘肃省白龙江林业保护中心高级经济师、规划财务处处长(兰州,730050);王向阳,西南交通大学公共管理学院副研究员(成都,610031)。