国民革命初期中共宣传策略与反帝观念的推行

The CCP’s Propagandist Strategy and the Proposing of the Perception of Anti-Im-perialism during Early National Revolution Era

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摘要国民革命初期,中共的反帝宣传为反帝反军阀革命的顺利进行起到了重要的推动作用。1922年中共二大提出反帝纲领后,便注重反帝宣传与民众动员。1924年国共合作确立后,中共根据社会现状调整反帝宣传策略,扩大了反帝舆论与反帝话语的影响,推动了反帝观念的大众化。1924年4月开始,中共借声援发生在北京城的“李义元案”与“刘魁元案”,成功将李义元塑造为一位“反帝英雄”,不仅营造了反帝舆论,而且沉重打击了列强与北京政府,激发了民众的反帝斗志。随后,中共主动回击外媒有关中国人“排外”的诬陷,并利用重新评价义和团历史的机会表明反帝并非“排外”。此外,中共也对国民党在反帝宣传工作中的摇摆与滞后表达了不满并提出建议。在中共卓有成效的反帝宣传策略推动下,“打倒帝国主义”口号逐渐为民众所熟识,为即将到来的全国性反帝浪潮奠定了思想基础。 At the begining of the National Revolution,the anti-Imperialist propaganda of the CCP played an important role in proposing the smooth progress of the anti-Imperialist and anti warlord revolution.After the CCP proposed the an-ti-Imperialist program in 1922,it focused on anti-Imperialist propaganda and mass mobilization.After the establishment of the cooperation with the KMT,the CCP adjusted its anti-Imperialist propaganda strategy according to the current social situa-tion,expanded the influence of anti-Imperialist public opinion and anti-Imperialist discourse,and promoted the popularization of anti-Ilmperialist ideas.Beginning in April 1924,the CCP used the“Li Yiyuan case”and“Liu Kuiyuan case”in Beijing,sucssfully forming Li Yiyuan as an“anti-Imperialist hero”which not only created an anti-Imperialist paradox,but also severely hit the powers.With the Beiing government,the people's anti-Imperialist fighting spirit was inspired.Subs-equently,the CCP took the initiative to re spond to the foreign media's“exclu-sion”of the Chinese,and used the opportunity to re evaluate the history of the Boxer to show that“anti-Imperialist”is not“exclusion”.In addition,the CCP also expressed dissatisfaction and suggestions on the sway and lag of the KMT in the anti-Imperialist propaganda work.Driven by the CCP's effective anti-Imperialist propaganda strategy,the slogan of“down with Imperialism”gradually became fa-miliar to the public and laid the ideological foundation for the upcoming national anti-Imperialist wave.

作者葛静波 Ge Jingbo

机构地区首都师范大学历史学院

出处《中共历史与理论研究》 2021年第1期20-38,270,271,共21页 The Studies on The CCP History and Theory

基金北京市教育委员会科学研究计划项目资助(SM202310028006)。

关键词国民革命中国共产党反帝宣传反帝观念国民党 National Revolution the CCP Anti-Imperialist Propaganda Anti-Imperialist Ideas the KMT

分类号 D231 [政治法律—中共党史]

作者简介葛静波,首都师范大学历史学院讲师。