抗战时期中共对国民革命的重估与自省

The CPC's Reevaluation and Self-reflection on the National Revolution During the Anti-Japanese War

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摘要抗战时期,处在第二次国共合作关口的中国共产党人如何回看国民革命,是一个极具意味的话题。相同的盟友,类似的统一战线策略,相对宽松的政治氛围,这些境遇促使中共对自身过往作出认真的回顾与反思,有了直面历史的可能。一般的历史叙述都会强调作为幼年时期的中共在国民革命时期,尤其是后半段,由于右倾机会主义错误失去了革命领导权,最终导致了失败;在抗战时期,中共吸取了之前的教训,因而各方面工作有了充分发展。但重新审视战时中国共产党人对大革命的认识与表述,却并不完全与既定的历史表述相吻合,相当一部分人更多地抱有正面的观感。对于国民革命的反思主要是由于毛泽东等人的坚持而完成的。同时受制于种种因素,批评又相对克制、含蓄。历史运行实态、抗战时期中共对大革命的认知以及后来的历史叙述,存在着不小的差距,透露出历史深处的复杂与微妙。 During the Anti-Japanese War,how to reflect on the National Revolution was a highly meaningful topic for the members of the CPC who were at the crossroads of the second Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation.The same allies,similar united front strategies,and relatively relaxed po-litical atmosphere have all prompted the CPC to carefully review and reflect on its past,and have the possibility of facing history directly.In general historical narratives,it is emphasized that during the National Revolution,especially in the latter half,the CPC was still in its infancy,and lost its revo-lutionary leadership due to the errors of right-wing opportunism,ultimately leading to failure;Dur-ing the Anti-Japanese War,the CPC learned from previous lessons and thus made full progress in various aspects of its work.However,after re-examination of the wartime CPCs understanding and expression of the Great Revolution,it is found that they did not completely coincide with the prevail-ing historical expression,a considerable number of people had more positive views.The reflection on the National Revolution was mainly completed due to the persistence of Mao Zedong and others.Simultaneously constrained by various factors,these criticisms were relatively restrained and implic-it.There are various deviations between the actual state of historical operation,and the CPCs under-standing of the Great Revolution during the Anti-Japanese War,and subsequent historical narra-tives,which reveal the complexity and subtleties of history.

作者温程 Wen Cheng

机构地区南开大学历史学院

出处《苏区研究》 CSSCI 2024年第2期85-99,共15页

关键词国民革命国共合作统一战线历史认知毛泽东 National Revolution Kuomintang-Communist Cooperation the united front histori-cal cognition Mao Zedong

分类号 D231 [政治法律—中共党史] E296.91 [军事—军事理论]

作者简介温程,男,南开大学历史学院2021级博士研究生。(天津300350)。