摘要
水环境问题关乎人类和生态安全,近年来部分河流富营养化水华现象引发关注。选取四川琼江支流蟠龙河为研究区域,采用单因子评价法、改进的内梅罗污染指数法和主成分分析法分析“十四五”以来蟠龙河水质状况,并利用藻类数据与水质同步监测数据,在高时间分辨率下分析典型月份水质趋势。结果表明:蟠龙河2021年、2022年整体水质较好,氮磷对水质影响最大,2022年4月出现蓝藻水华,上游段元坝子水质受影响较重,Ad、chla、COD_(Cr)和TP呈极强的正相关性。同年12月中游段跑马滩水质受影响较重,更可能受到藻类衰亡等内源性污染释放影响。研究表明:当前限制蟠龙河水质进一步改善的因素已由点源污染、面源污染转变为河流富营养化藻类水华所致的水生态问题。氮磷输入增加、径流量不足、高温少雨等多因素综合作用是形成水华的主要原因。蟠龙河水质现状更可能受制于藻类生长周期影响,不同河段水环境差异明显,流域治理需更具针对性。
The issue of water environment is related to human and ecological security.In recent years,the phenomenon of eutrophication and water bloom in some rivers have caused concerns.In this paper,the Panlong River,a tributary of the Qiongjiang River in Sichuan,was taken as a research area;the single factor evaluation method,improved Nemerow pollution index method,and principal component analysis method were used to analyze the water quality of the Panlong River since the 14^(th) Five-Year Plan;and algae data and synchronous water quality monitoring data were used to analyze typical monthly water quality trends under high time resolution.The results indicated:the overall water quality of the Panlong River was good in 2021 and 2022,but nitrogen and phosphorus had the greatest impact on the water quality.In April 2022,cyanobacteria bloom appeared,and the water quality of Yuanbazi in the upstream section was seriously affected.Algae density(Ad),chlorophyll a(chla),chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Cr))and total phosphorus(TP)showed a strong positive correlation.In December 2022,the water quality of Paomatan in the middle reaches was severely affected,and was more likely to be affected by the release of endogenous pollutions such as algal decay.The research indicated:the current factors restricting further improvement of the water quality in the Panlong River has shifted from the point source pollution and the non-point source pollution to water ecological issues caused by eutrophication of algae blooms in the river.The main reasons for the formation of water blooms are the combined effects of multiple factors such as increased nitrogen and phosphorus,insufficient runoff,high temperature and low rainfall.The current water quality of the Panlong River is more likely to be affected by the growth cycle of algae,and the water environment in different river sections varies significantly.Therefore,the watershed management needs to be more specific.
作者
赖欣
陈勇
柳强
银正勇
邓国海
LAI Xin;CHEN Yong;LIU Qiang;YIN Zheng-yong;DENG Guo-hai(Sichuan Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center,Chengdu 610000,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2024年第2期54-64,共11页
Sichuan Environment
基金
四川省生态环境保护科技计划项目(2022HB19)。
关键词
富营养化
藻类水华
自动监测
水站
高频监测
Eutrophication
algal blooms
automatic monitoring
automatic water quality monitoring station
high frequency monitoring
作者简介
赖欣(1989-),男,四川昭觉县人,2013年毕业于电子科技大学生物技术专业,本科,工程师,研究方向为地表水环境监测与预警。;通讯作者:邓国海,42890715@qq.com。
