摘要
本文把“都”的语义统一刻画为“向右复数化”,即“都”向右不向左,对事不对物,将右侧谓语表示的事件重新概念化为系列复数事件。在认知语法的视阈下,“都”的语义包含一个普适性意象图式,这一图式包含三个要素——事体、关系和辖域,“都_(1)”的各种语义功能就是通过侧显其中某一要素实现的,“都_(2)”和“都_(3)”的语义则是图式的特殊表现形式——终点侧显式,但呈现方式有所不同,“都_(2)”是射体—界标联结模式,“都_(3)”是参照点—目标模式。“都”语义的刻画是一个图式提取的过程,向右复数化是对汉语作为“话题—说明”语言这一类型学价值的回归。
This paper offers a unified account of the semantics of dou(都): according to the Rightward Government Rule, dou is aimed at the event instead of the object;in addition, the events represented by the right predicate are reconceptualized as a series of plural events. From the perspective of Cognitive Grammar, the semantics of dou contains a general image schema which contains three elements: thing, relationship, and scope. The semantics of dou_(1) is implemented by profiling one of the three elements. The semantics of dou_(2) and dou_(3) is the scheme for the special form of expression of end-point profiling, but in different ways: dou_(2) uses the trajector-landmark alignment mode, and dou_(3) the reference point-target mode. The semantics of dou as accounted above is a process of schema extraction, and the proposal made in this article is a return to the typological value of Chinese as a topic-comment language.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期204-217,共14页
Chinese Teaching in the World
基金
辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(项目编号:L22BYY010)的阶段性成果。
关键词
“都”
意象图式
侧显
射体—界标联结
参照点—目标
dou(都)
image schema
profiling
trajector-landmark alignment
reference point-target
作者简介
张健军,男,黑龙江省哈尔滨市人,博士,东北财经大学国际教育学院副教授,研究兴趣为现代汉语语法学、国际中文教育。[Email:zhangjianjun77chinaaliyun.com]。
