摘要
高质量的新型城镇化发展是实现乡村生态振兴和城乡绿色发展的抓手,包括户籍制度改革在内的新型城镇化如果践行绿色发展理念,倡导绿色生活生产方式,必将产生积极的绿色发展环境效应。本文以中国部分省份新型城镇化建设中实施的户籍制度改革构造准自然实验,采用多期双重差分模型检验人口城镇化对大气环境状况的实际影响,探究人口城镇化的绿色发展环境效应及其作用机制,为新型城镇化践行绿色发展提供有力支撑。研究发现,第一,户籍制度改革显著改善了大气环境状况,其对实验组省份年均PM2.5浓度的抑制效应约为2.466微克/立方米。研究基本结论在通过包含PSM-DID、安慰剂检验以及工具变量等方法在内的一揽子稳健性检验后仍旧成立。第二,户籍制度改革主要通过居民绿色消费意识和企业绿色技术创新渠道来改善大气环境状况。第三,户籍制度改革对大气环境污染状况的改善效应仅在短期有效,长期来看并无改善效应,且政策的改善效应主要集中在东部地区,而在中、西部地区中并不显著。第四,利用SDM-DID模型检验发现户籍制度改革政策对周边地区具有溢出效应,且政策溢出效应大于政策的直接效应。鉴于此,各地政府践行绿色发展理念,坚持新型城镇化与乡村振兴两手抓;同时对综合实力较弱的中西部地区提供配套技术以及资金支持,加快推进当地农业绿色生产,加强对包括脱贫人口在内的农村居民宣传“绿色发展”教育力度;此外,各地方政府也应积极探索构建大气环境污染联防联控机制,建立健全跨部门、跨地域的协作组织机构,强化户籍制度改革政策带来的正外部性,协同实现经济高质量增长与环境保护的和谐统一。
High-quality new-type urbanization development is the starting point for realizing rural ecological revitalization and urban and rural green development.If the new-type urbanization,including the reform of household registration system,implements the concept of green development and promotes people's green life and production methods,it will definitely pro-duce positive environmental effects of green development.This paper constructs a quasi-natural experiment based on the reform of household registration system implemented in the new urbaniza-tion construction of some provinces in China,adopts a multi-period double-difference model to test the actual impact of population urbanization on the atmospheric environment,and explores the environmental effects of population urbanization and its role in green development.The study finds that:First,the reform of the household registration system significantly improves the atmospheric environment,and its inhibitory effect on the annual average PM2.5 concentration in the experimental group is about 2.466μg/m3.The above basic conclusions are still established after a comprehensive robustness test including PSM-DID,placebo test,and instrumental variables.Second,the reform of household registration system mainly improves the atmospheric environment through residents'green consumption awareness and green technology innovation channels for enterprises.Third,the improvement effect of the reform of household registration system on air pollution is only effective in the short term,and has no improvement effect in the long run.The improvement effect of the policy is mainly concentrated in the eastern region,but not significant in the central and western regions.Fourth,using the SDM-DID model test,it is found that the household registration system reform policy has spillover effects on surrounding areas,and the policy spillover effect is greater than the direct effect of the policy.In view of this,local governments should adhere to the concept of green development and adhere to both new urbanization and rural revitalization.At the same time,It suggests to provide supporting technical and financial support to the central and western regions with relatively weak comprehensive strength,accelerate the promotion of local agricultural green production,and strengthen the green development education on rural populations.In addition,local governments should also actively explore the establishment of a joint prevention and control mechanism for air pollution,establish and improve cross-departmental and cross-regional collaborative organizations,and strengthen the reform of household registration system.Strengthening the positive externalities of the reform will conduce to achieve harmonious unity of high-quality economic growth and environmental protection.
作者
张继军
刘岩
张子涵
ZHANG Jijun;LIU Yan;ZHANG Zihan
出处
《农业技术经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期128-144,共17页
Journal of Agrotechnical Economics
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目“碳中和背景下中国式政府主导型治污模式——理论与实证”(编号:722MS044)。
关键词
新型城镇化
户籍制度改革
绿色发展
环境效应
New urbanization
Reform of household registration system
Green development
Environmental effects
