摘要
湿地是地球生态系统中最为复杂的生态系统类型之一,而生态敏感性评价是对湿地公园科学系统规划的重要依据。福建闽江河口湿地位于沿海城市福州,生态系统和生物多样性具有突出的区域特征,其水域是北半球同一纬度最具有丰富的近海海洋物种的水域之一,至少有四项指标符合国际重要湿地的标准。本文在遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)的技术支撑下,采用层次分析法确定要素权重及指标,通过德尔菲专家评分法,构建湿地公园生态敏感性评价指标体系。然后对闽江河口湿地国家公园进行生态敏感性评价和空间格局分析。将闽江河口国家湿地公园分为极端敏感、高敏感、中敏感、低敏感、不敏感五种生态敏感水平。结果表明,河岸、海滩、水渠、池塘及周边地区均在高、中敏感区范围内,而不敏感区、低敏感区分布在林地、农田、公园等人工景观环境中。
Wetlands are one of the most complex ecosystem types on the planet,and ecological sensitivity assessment is an important foundation for the scientific planning of wetland park systems.The Minjiang River estuary,located in the coastal city of Fuzhou,has outstanding regional characteristics in terms of its ecosystem and biodiversity.The nearby waters are among the richest in marine species in the world and the richest in offshore marine species at that latitude in the northern hemisphere.It has at least four indicators meeting the criteria for internationally important wetlands.In this study,the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was used to determine the weights of factors,and the comprehensive ecological sensitivity of Minjiang Estuary National Wetland Park was evaluated using the weighted-overlap method by the Remote Sensing(RS)and Geographic Information System(GIS).An ecological sensitivity evaluation index system for wetland parks was constructed using Delphi,and then an ecological sensitivity assessment of Minjiang Estuary National Wetland Park was built.The sensitivities of different areas in the Minjiang Estuary National Wetland Park were divided five ecological sensitivity levels:extremely sensitive,highly sensitive,moderately sensitive,minimally sensitive,and insensitive.The results show that the riverbanks,beaches,canals,ponds,and surrounding areas were in the range of highly and moderately sensitive areas,while insensitive and minimally sensitive areas were distributed in the artificial landscape environments such as woodlands,farmland,and parks.
作者
汤雨平
舒梦蓉
吴元晶
宣阳
TANG Yuping;SHU Mengrong;WU Yuanjing;XUAN Yang(School of Urban Construction,Fuzhou Technology and Business University,Fuzhou 350007,China;College of Art and Design,Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade,Fuzhou 350000,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350000,China;Guangzhou Bosha Architectural Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Fuzhou 350000,China)
基金
The Fujian Social Science Planning Fund Program (FJ2021C103)。
作者简介
First author:TANG Yuping,E-mail:514901070@qq.com;Corresponding author:SHU Mengrong,E-mail:monique317@126.com。
