摘要
目的:探讨胸部CT低剂量扫描技术联合肋骨三维重建在胸部创伤中的诊断价值。方法:选取2020-2022年解放军联勤保障部队第九〇四医院收治的118例高度怀疑肋骨骨折患者,所有病例均采用胸部CT低剂量扫描技术联合肋骨三维重建,分析不同低剂量胸部CT扫描及肋骨三维重建的图像质量,对比胸部CT低剂量扫描技术与肋骨三维重建及两者联合检查对胸部创伤的诊断准确率。结果:CT扫描管电流为50 mA时,支气管、血管边缘、肺实质、小叶间隔、纵膈、肋骨边缘锐利度清晰度均较差,软组织伪影较多,噪声较多,影响诊断;管电流70 mA时,支气管、血管边缘、肺实质、小叶间隔、纵膈、肋骨边缘锐利度清晰度均一般,有部分软组织伪影,噪声少量,不影响诊断。管电流50 mA时的辐射剂量明显低于70 mA,差异有统计学意义(t=10.969,P<0.05);118例胸部创伤患者中,经胸部CT低剂量扫描技术联合肋骨三维重建检测显示:肋骨骨折112例,肋软骨骨折7例,检测到388处肋骨及肋软骨骨折,其中355处(占91.49%)肋骨骨折和33处(占8.51%)肋软骨骨折。118例胸部创伤患者中,76例(占64.41%)合并肺挫伤和撕裂伤,41例(占35.75%)合并胸腔积液,10例(占8.47%)合并胸椎骨折,6例(占5.08%)合并脾挫伤和裂伤,5例(占4.24%)合并纵隔和皮下气肿,肋骨骨折最直接的影像征象为可见透亮低密度影。胸部CT扫描一般能较好显示断端错位,如只有一侧肋骨断裂,另一侧完整,三维重建图像则显示一侧肋骨可见线样影;三维重建共检出肋骨及肋软骨骨折395处,其中肋骨骨折363处(占91.90%),肋软骨骨折32处(占8.10%);胸部CT低剂量扫描技术联合肋骨三维重建共检出肋骨及肋软骨骨折410处,其中肋骨骨折375处(占91.46%),肋软骨骨折35处(占8.54%)。与术中检查到的418处肋骨损伤比较,胸部CT低剂量扫描技术诊断肋骨及软肋骨骨折的准确率为92.82%(388/418),肋骨三维重建诊断肋骨及软肋骨骨折的准确率为94.50%(395/418),胸部CT低剂量扫描技术联合肋骨三维重建诊断肋骨及软肋骨骨折的准确率为95.69%(410/418),两种检查准确率比较差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=13.062,P<0.05)。结论:胸部CT低剂量扫描技术联合肋骨三维重建可用于胸部创伤的诊断,其准确率较高,可为临床诊疗提供可靠的影像学信息。
Objective:To explore the application and diagnostic value of low-dose scan technique of chest computed tomography(CT)combined with three dimensional(3D)reconstruction for ribs in chest trauma.Methods:A total of 118 patients with highly suspected rib fracture who admitted to the 904th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force were selected,and all cases underwent low-dose scan technique of chest CT combined with 3D reconstruction for ribs.The image qualities of chest CT scans with different low-doses combined with 3D reconstruction for ribs were analyzed,and the diagnostic accuracies among low dose scan technique of chest CT,3D reconstruction for ribs and the combination of them for chest trauma were compared.Results:Both the sharpness and clarity of the edges of the bronchi,blood vessels,lung parenchyma,interlobular septum,mediastinum and ribs were poorer,and the artifacts of soft tissue were more and the noise were more when the tube current of CT scan was 50 Ma.Both the sharpness and clarity of the edges of the bronchi,blood vessels,lung parenchyma,interlobular septum,mediastinum and ribs were general,and a part of soft tissues existed artifacts and the noise amounts were less when the tube current of CT scan was 70 Ma,which did not affect the diagnosis.The radiation dose as 50 mA was significantly higher than that as 70 mA,with a statistically significant difference(t=10.969,P<0.05).In 118 patients with chest trauma,the examination of low-dose scan technique of chest CT combined with 3D reconstruction for ribs indicated that there were 112 cases of rib fractures and 7 cases of costal cartilage fractures.In the examined 388 fractures of rib and costal cartilage,355 fractures(91.49%)were rib fractures and 33 fractures(8.51%)were costal cartilage fractures.In 118 patients with chest trauma,76 cases(64.41%)complicated with pulmonary contusions and lacerations,and 41 cases(35.75%)complicated with pleural effusion,and 10 cases(8.47%)complicated with thoracic vertebral fractures,and 6 cases(5.08%)complicated with splenic contusions and lacerations,and 5 cases(4.24%)complicated with mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysemas.The most direct imaging sign of rib fracture was visible and transparent low-density shadow.Chest CT scan can generally better display dislocation of the fractured end.The 3D reconstruction image showed a visibly line-like shadow on one side of rib if only one side of ribs fractured and the other side was intact.A total of 395 rib and costal cartilage fractures were confirmed by 3D reconstruction,which included 363 rib fractures(91.90%)and 32 costal cartilage fractures(8.10%).A total of 410 rib and costal cartilage fractures were confirmed by low-dose scan technique of chest CT combined with 3D reconstruction for ribs,which included 375 rib fractures(91.46%)and 35 costal cartilage fractures(8.54%).In the comparison of 418 rib injuries that were confirmed during surgery,the accuracy of low-dose scan technique of chest CT was 92.82%(388/418)in diagnosing rib and costal cartilage fractures,and the accuracy of 3D reconstruction for ribs was 94.50%(395/418)in diagnosing that,and the accuracy of low-dose scan technique of chest CT combined with 3D reconstruction for ribs was 95.69%(410/418)in diagnosing that.There was a significant difference in accuracy among the three types of examinations(x^(2)=13.062,P<0.05).Conclusion:Low dose scan technique of chest CT combines with 3D reconstruction for ribs can be used in the diagnosis of chest trauma,which has higher accuracy and can provide reliable imaging information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
作者
潘伟
魏小东
池保安
方旭涛
李翠
Pan Wei;Wei Xiaodong;Chi Baoan;Fang Xutao;Li Cui(Department of Thoracic Surgery,The 904th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force,Wuxi 214044,China;Pharmacy Department,The 904th Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force,Wuxi 214044,China)
出处
《中国医学装备》
2024年第1期55-58,共4页
China Medical Equipment
基金
江苏省医学科技发展课题项目(Z2019014)。
关键词
胸部CT
低剂量扫描技术
肋骨三维重建
胸部创伤
诊断价值
Chest computed tomography(CT)
Low-dose scan technique
Three dimensional(3D)reconstruction for ribs
Chest trauma
Diagnostic value
作者简介
通信作者:魏小东,Email:490721992@qq.com。
