摘要
隋唐及宋元是古代七夕节发展演变的关键时期,对这一阶段中七夕具体境况的考证有助于厘清古代七夕发展演变的历史脉络,分析其在不同阶段的历史特征,探明其发展演变的内在规律。隋唐五代七夕节较以前更为宫廷所重视,已成为盛大的皇家节日。唐代诗文中有大量七夕书写,加强了七夕与男女情爱和现实政治的联系。与“巧”有关的节俗在唐代迅速发展,乞巧自唐始为占据优势地位的节俗。宋代七夕具有多元性,跨越阶级、性别、民族和地域而存在。在民间,七夕高度大众化、娱乐化、商业化,民众尤其都市市民成为过七夕的主力。在庙堂,七夕正式成为国家法定节假日,完成了正统化、规范化、合法化的历史性转变。自元代始,七夕节走向稳定同一并逐渐衰落,元代七夕在史书、方志和文学戏曲作品中均有记载,尤其元杂剧大量化用牛女传说,虚笔与现实并存。
The Sui,Tang,Song and Yuan dynasties are the key periods of the development and evolution of the ancient Qixi Festival.The research on the specific circumstances of Qixi in this period is helpful to clarify the historical context of the development and evolution of the ancient Qixi Festival,analyze its historical characteristics in different stages,and find out the internal laws of its development and evolution.In the Sui,Tang and Five dynasties,the Double Seventh Festival was paid more attention to by the court and became a grand royal festival.There are a lot of Qixi written in the Tang Dynasty poetry,which strengthened the Qixi's connection with the love of men and women and realistic politics.The festival custom related to"Qiao"developed rapidly in the Tang Dynasty,and the festival custom of begging Qiao occupied the dominant position since the Tang Dynasty.The Qixi Festival in Song Dynasty is pluralistic and exists across class,gender,nationality and region.In the folk,Qixi is highly popular,entertaining and commercialized,and people,especially urban citizens,have become the main force of Qixi.In the temple,the Qixi Festival has officially become a national legal holiday,completing the historic transformation of orthodoxy,standardization and legalization.Since the Yuan Dynasty,the Qixi Festival has become stable and uniform and gradually declined.The Qixi Festival in the Yuan Dynasty has been recorded in history books,local Chronicles and literary drama works.
作者
杨宇
YANG Yu(Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development Research Center,Henan University,Kaifeng Henan,475000,China)
出处
《文化创新比较研究》
2023年第30期80-86,共7页
Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation
关键词
七夕节
七夕
牛女传说
乞巧
发展演变
特点
The Qixi Festival
Qixi
The legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl
Needle Threading for Intelligence
Development and evolution
Features
作者简介
杨宇(1998-),男,湖北宜昌人,硕士研究生,研究方向:民俗史与节日史。
