摘要
识别老年人户外活动特征是老年宜居环境建设的关键问题,尤其对于阶梯纵横的山地城市。现有研究多将老年人视作均质整体,忽略不同行动能力老年人之间的差异。本文以重庆市团结坝社区为例,采用活动日志与行为注记相结合的方法,探索山地城市社区不同行动能力老年人的户外活动特征及差异。本文进一步分析老年人户外活动与建成环境之间的关系,发现行动方便与行动迟缓老人的主要活动场地及分布模式存在共性与差异。基于研究结论,本文认为老年友好环境并不是均质的,应与不同人群的需求进行差异化适配,使资源更高效地利用。最后本文提出山地城市社区公共空间适老化更新策略,以更大程度促进老年人的社会交往,支持老年人自主生活。
Neighborhoods play a crucial role in promoting outdoor physical activity among older adults.Understanding how neighborhood attributes influence physical activity can help design age-friendly environments,especially in mountainous cities with complex topography and limited open spaces.The period from 60 years of age until the end of life is a prolonged and evolving phase that results in a diverse older population.However,most existing studies treat older adults as a homogeneous group,neglecting the impact of mobility on physical activity.Mobility is an important factor that divides older adults into different groups,and their physical activity may differ based on their mobility level.Therefore,further research is needed to better understand the differences in physical activity among older adults with varying mobility levels.In this study,older adults were categorized into three groups based on their mobility:go-go group,slow-go group,and no-go group.Data was collected using physical activity logs and behavior mapping,which is an objective method for observing behavior and the associated built environment components and attributes.The physical activity data consisted of 119 sheets of physical activity logs collected between September 2021 and May 2023,while the behavior mapping data consisted of 3401 pieces collected in September 2021.These data were collected from 22 outdoor spaces within neighborhoods in Chongqing,a typical mountainous city.It is worth noting that a very small number of slow-go older adults were observed in the study area.The main focus of this study is to examine the physical activity and environmental factors that influence the go-go group and slow-go group of older adults.Based on the analysis of physical activity logs data,we observed a decrease in the diversity of activity types and walking distance among the slow-go group compared to the go-go elderly group.However,the activity frequency remains similar between the two groups.The analysis of physical activity logs data highlights the variation in physical activities among older adults.It is essential to address the outdoor activity needs of the slow-go group to ensure their well-being and overall health.By overlaying behavior mapping data with the topographic map of the study area,this study further analyzed the relationship between older adults’physical activity and environmental conditions.The results revealed both similarities and differences in activity sites and distribution patterns between the go-go and slow-go groups.The commonalities observed were as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the use of public spaces,and older adults’choices showed consistency.(2)Both the slowgo group and go-go group of older adults preferred spaces located on both sides of the main walking paths.Differences were observed in terms of the impact of terrain and distance.The go-go group was less affected and exhibited a single-center distribution pattern,while the slow-go group formed multiple gathering centers nearby,indicating a multi-center distribution pattern.Based on these findings,it is crucial to create age-friendly environments that cater to the diverse needs of older adults with different levels of mobility.The study proposes four implications for improving the physical environment to increase physical activity and walking and enhance social interaction for older adults.In conclusion,this article suggests that age-friendly environments for older adults should not be homogeneous and should be adapted to the diverse needs of different groups.The holistic relationship between people,activities,and the environment should be taken into account.The goal of age-friendly regeneration should shift from focusing on facilities to adapting the overall relationship,making more efficient use of resources,and ensuring that agefriendly regeneration benefit all older adults fairly and equitably.
作者
牟燕川
郭雨寒
黄瓴
MOU Yanchuan;GUO Yuhan;HUANG Ling
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2023年第6期82-88,共7页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(52008049)
中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2021T140780)。
关键词
行动能力差异
行动迟缓老人
老年人户外活动
山地城市社区
适老化更新
Differences in Mobility
Slow-Go Group
Outdoor Physical Activity
OlderAdults
Mountainous Neighborhoods
Age-Friendly Regeneration
作者简介
牟燕川:重庆大学建筑城规学院,助理研究员;郭雨寒:同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,博士研究生;通讯作者:黄瓴,重庆大学建筑城规学院,教授,hwawa1025@vip.163.com。
