摘要
目的探讨儿童肺炎流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae,H.influenzae)的临床分布特点及耐药性。方法选取南阳市中心医院2022年1月至12月收治的≤14岁细菌性肺炎患儿615例,均行H.influenzae鉴定及药敏试验,分析H.influenzae的分布特点与耐药性。结果615例患儿共采集615份标本送检,共检出H.in⁃fluenzae 160株,检出率为26.02%;男性患儿检出率(26.69%)与女性患儿(25.26%)无明显差异(P>0.05);>12~14岁年龄段患儿H.influenzae检出率(0.00%)低于其他年龄段(0~1岁:27.81%;>1~3岁:27.43%;>3~6岁:24.64%;>6~9岁:24.64%;>9~12岁:25.93%)(P<0.05);冬季H.influenzae检出率(46.77%)高于春季(18.24%)、夏季(16.34%)、秋季(16.41%)(P<0.05)。160株H.influenzae中共检出β-内酰胺酶阳性87株,阳性率为54.38%。H.influenzae对头孢噻肟(100.00%)、氧氟沙星(100.00%)、利福平(98.75%)、美洛培南(95.00%)、氯霉素(94.38%)、四环素(93.13%)的敏感率较高,对头孢克洛(25.00%)、头孢呋辛(25.63%)、头孢丙烯(27.50%)、复方磺胺甲噁唑(25.63%)的敏感率较低。结论H.influenzae肺炎较多发生于小于12岁患儿,H.influenzae在冬季检出率较高,对头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星等药具有较好敏感性。
Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae(H.influ⁃enzae)in children.Methods H.influenzae identification and drug sensitivity test were performed in 615 children with bacterial pneumonia≤14 years old admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from January to December 2022 to analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of H.influenzae.Results Totally 615 samples were collected from 615 children,and 160 strains of H.influenzae were detected,the detection rate was 26.02%.There was no significant difference in the detection rate between male children(26.69%)and female children(25.26%)(P>0.05).The H.influenzae detection rate of children>12-14 years old(0.00%)was lower than that of other age groups(0-1 years old:27.81%;>1-3 years old:27.43%;>3-6 years old:24.64%;>6-9 years old:24.64%;>9-12 years old:25.93%)(P<0.05);The detection rate of H.influenzae in winter(46.77%)was higher than that in spring(18.24%),summer(16.34%)and autumn(16.41%)(P<0.05).A total of 87 H.influenzae(54.38%)were positive forβ-lactamase.H.influenzae was sensitive to cefotaxime(100.00%),ofloxacin(100.00%),rifam⁃picin(98.75%),merpenem(95.00%),chloramphenicol(94.38%)and tetracycline(93.13%).The sensitivity rate to cefaclor(25.00%),cefuroxime(25.63%),cefproxime(27.50%)and compound sulfamethoxazole(25.63%)was low.Conclusion H.influenzae pneumonia mostly occurs in children younger than 12 years old,and H.influenzae has a high detection rate in winter,with good sensitivity to cefotaxime,ofloxacin and other drugs.
作者
闫小燕
朱金玉
李燕
孙洋
YAN Xiao-yan;ZHU Jin-yu;LI Yan;SUN Yang(Department of Infection Prevention and Control,Nanyang Central Hospital,Nanyang,Henan 473000,China)
出处
《医药论坛杂志》
2023年第19期110-112,F0003,共4页
Journal of Medical Forum
关键词
肺炎
细菌性肺炎
流感嗜血杆菌
病原菌
药敏试验
耐药菌
Pneumonia
Bacterial pneumonia
Haemophilus influenzae
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug sensitivity test
Drug-resistant bacteria
