摘要
数字经济发展促进了家庭消费增长,但数字鸿沟的存在使不同家庭享有不同的数字红利,从而产生新的消费不平等,导致数字化水平较低家庭的消费相对剥夺程度增加。采用2015、2017、2019年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据的分析发现:数字鸿沟的扩大会增强家庭消费相对剥夺程度,该影响在各年度均显著存在,且对发展享乐型消费相对剥夺的强化作用比对基础生存型消费相对剥夺的强化作用更大;家庭的社会网络和创业行为具有中介作用,即数字鸿沟扩大可以通过削弱家庭社会网络和抑制家庭创业来加剧家庭消费相对剥夺;数字鸿沟扩大对不同类型家庭均具有显著的消费相对剥夺加剧效应,但在影响强度上具有异质性,表现为对使用移动支付家庭、农村家庭、抚养比较低家庭、男性户主家庭的影响更大。因此,一方面应积极缩小数字鸿沟,加快数字经济发展滞后地区的数字基础设施建设,加强对数字弱势群体的数字技能和数字消费意识培育;另一方面,应针对数字鸿沟加剧消费不平等的机制采取相应措施,有效促进弱势家庭的社会网络改善和创业发展。
While digital technology has brought convenience to residents’lives,it has also created a prominent problem of digital inequality.Despite China’s significant progress in establishing the world’s largest,technologically advanced,and superior digital infrastructure since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party,the digital divide among households has not diminished.The widening digital divide has suppressed household consumption and intensified consumption inequality.Simply improving the universality of digital public services is not enough to alleviate the digital divide between families’digital literacy.Therefore,how to effectively bridge the family digital divide and identify the key objects and pathways of digital literacy promotion plans are practical problems that need to be solved to promote the high-quality development of the digital economy.Based on the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)in 2015,2017,and 2019,this paper measures the digital divide and its impact on relative deprivation in household consumption from three aspects of digital technology or tool use.It is found that the digital divide is not conducive to the promotion of household consumption,resulting in relative consumption deprivation,and the conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness and endogeneity tests.Specifically,the impact of the digital divide on basic subsistence consumption weakens while its inhibitory effect on luxury consumption strengthens.The relative degree of consumption deprivation is greater in households with low dependence on male heads of household,mobile payment,rural areas,and low dependency ratio.Mechanism analysis shows that the digital divide intensifies household consumption inequality mainly by weakening family social networks and reducing the probability of starting a family business.Compared with the existing researches,the main expansions and innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)focusing on the digital divide between family digital skills,analyzing the dynamic evolution and impact of the digital divide from the micro level,and revealing the main focus points of national digital economy development and digital public service inclusive work;(2)focusing on the typical structural characteristics of Chinese families,such as“men in charge of the outside,women in charge of the inside”and“old people and young people at home”,exploring the heterogeneity of the digital divide and answering which families are more likely to be deprived of consumption;(3)in line with the theoretical connotation of the relative balance of common prosperity,the measurement of digital and consumption inequality adopts the relative concept and accordingly chooses social network and entrepreneurial behavior as the intermediate mechanism,so as to explore the effective mechanisms to bridge the family digital divide.This paper identifies the effects and pathways of the digital divide from the micro-household level,and reveals that the key targets of the digital literacy promotion plan are male household heads,families with low dependence on mobile payment,rural households,and households with a low dependency ratio.The key to bridging the digital divide is to jointly improve the family digital literacy and the inclusive level of regional digital infrastructure.Relying on digital platforms to expand social networks and optimize the investment and entrepreneurial environment is an effective way.This paper provides a useful reference for promoting the inclusive sharing of digital dividends and high-quality development.
作者
王彦芳
王恺涛
陈则霖
姚景民
WANG Yan-fang;WANG Kai-tao;CHEN Ze-lin;YAO Jing-min(School of Business,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Chinese Financial Studies,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《西部论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期36-51,共16页
West Forum
基金
江苏省社会科学基金青年项目(22EYC015)
国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BJL047)。
关键词
数字鸿沟
家庭消费相对剥夺
数字化水平
社会网络
创业行为
消费不平等
digital divide
relative deprivation of household consumption
level of digitization
social network
entrepreneurial behavior
consumption inequality
作者简介
王彦芳(1988),女,河南濮阳人,博士,讲师,主要从事数字经济、数字贸易与价值链研究,E-mail:evaking0525@msn.cn;王恺涛(2001),男,江苏无锡人,硕士研究生,主要从事数字经济与家庭消费研究;陈则霖(2001),男,山东潍坊人,硕士研究生,主要从事数字经济与乡村振兴研究;姚景民(1986),男,河南驻马店人,博士研究生,主要从事环境规制与数字金融研究。
