摘要
加快发展方式绿色转型,超越了传统意义上高度依赖物质资源投入和高碳排放的增长范式,突出特征是将绿色发展底色贯穿到经济社会发展的各领域、全环节,体现了发展范式的绿色变革,凸显了人类社会从工业文明迈向生态文明的内在要求。党的十八大以来,中国在推进经济社会发展绿色转型方面取得突出成效,也面临着诸多问题和挑战:中国经济持续增长面临着较大规模的能源消费需求预期,通过经济增长与能源电力需求“脱钩”推动实现绿色低碳发展面临突出挑战;以煤为主的能源结构短期内难以根本改变,建设以清洁电力为主体的能源系统存在着一定的安全性稳定性风险,制约了能源结构的绿色低碳转型;绿色低碳技术创新有待进一步突破,在不少领域与欧美等发达国家相比还存在一定差距,支撑绿色低碳发展转型还有较大改善空间;碳市场交易制度尚不完善,电力市场改革推进迟滞,尚未形成碳市场与电力市场高效协同机制;培育绿色低碳生活新风尚面临诸多制约因素。聚焦党的二十大报告提出的新目标新任务新要求,加快发展方式绿色转型,需在健全支持绿色发展的财税、金融、投资、价格政策和标准体系的基础上,持续深化体制机制改革,在探索构建降碳、减污、扩绿、增长协同推进机制,健全碳排放交易和碳税协同机制,深化绿色低碳技术创新体制机制改革,建立健全生态产品价值实现机制,优化绿色低碳生活长效促进机制等方面实现新突破。
Accelerating the green transformation of development mode goes beyond the traditional growth paradigm that heavily relies on material resource input and high carbon emissions.Its prominent feature is to integrate green development into all fields and links of economic and social development,reflecting the green transformation of development paradigm and highlighting the inherent requirements for human society to move from industrial civilization to ecological civilization.Since the 18th CPC National Congress convened in 2012,China has achieved remarkable results in promoting the green transformation of economic and social development,but also faces numerous challenges,including the large-scale energy consumption demand expected to be faced by China's sustained economic growth,and the prominent challenges in achieving green and low-carbon development by decoupling economic growth from energy and electricity demand;it is difficult to fundamentally change the energy structure dominated by coal in the short term,and there are certain safety and stability risks in building a clean energy system dominated by electricity,which restricts the green and low-carbon transformation of energy structure;green and low-carbon technological innovation needs further breakthroughs,and there are still obvious gaps compared with developed countries such as Europe and the United States in many fields,which restricts the promotion of green and low-carbon development transformation;the carbon market trading system is still not perfect,and the electricity market reform is lagging behind,and has not yet formed an efficient collaborative mechanism between the carbon market and the electricity market;cultivating a new trend of green and low-carbon lifestyles faces many constraints that need to be resolved urgently.Focused on the new goals,tasks,and requirements proposed in the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,accelerating the green transformation of development mode requires continuous deepening of institutional reforms,achieving new breakthroughs in exploring and building mechanisms that promote decarbonization,pollution reduction,ecological expansion and growth simultaneously,improving the coordination mechanism between carbon emission trading and carbon tax,deepening the reform of green and low-carbon technological innovation system,establishing a mechanism for realizing ecological product value,and optimizing the long-term promotion mechanism for green and low-carbon lifestyles.
出处
《改革》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第10期60-73,共14页
Reform
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目“中国清洁生产环境规制的减污降碳协同效应、机制与路径研究”(72303239)
中国社会科学院重大创新项目“完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念研究”(2023YZD017)
国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国制造业低碳化发展的理论体系、政策框架与实践路径研究”(22&ZD102)。
关键词
发展方式
绿色转型
低碳经济
development mode
green transformation
low-carbon economy
作者简介
孙博文,中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所、中国经济社会发展与智能治理实验室、中国社会科学院环境与发展研究中心副研究员。
