伦理实践效果、工作难度和工作保障对心理咨询师职业倦怠的影响:正念的中介作用被引量：3

Influences of Ethical Practice Effect,Job Difficulty and Job Guarantee on Job Burnout of Psychological Counselors:The Mediating Effects of Mindfulness

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摘要目的:基于职业倦怠的工作要求-资源模型(JD-R),考察伦理实践效果、工作难度、工作保障和正念对心理咨询师职业倦怠的影响。方法:采取方便取样,在全国范围内通过网络问卷调查431名心理咨询师。采用职业倦怠量表(MBI-GS)和正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)测量职业倦怠和正念,采用自编问卷测量伦理实践效果、工作难度和工作保障,运用结构方程模型分析数据。结果:(1)伦理实践效果、工作保障和正念均负向预测职业倦怠(β=-0.22、-0.11和-0.30,Ps<0.01),工作难度则正向预测职业倦怠(β=0.25,P<0.001);(2)在伦理实践效果→职业倦怠和工作难度→职业倦怠两个关系上,正念的中介效应均显著(中介效应值分别为-0.053和0.046,95%CI分别为[-0.094,-0.016]和[0.016,0.087],均不包含0),中介效应量分别为19.63%和15.54%。结论:伦理实践效果和工作保障作为工作资源变量能减少心理咨询师的职业倦怠,工作难度作为工作要求变量则增加职业倦怠;正念作为个体特征变量在伦理实践效果和工作难度对职业倦怠的影响过程中起部分中介作用。 Objective:Based on the Job demands-resources model(JD-R)of job burnout,to investigate the effects of ethical practice effect,job difficulty,job guarantee and mindfulness on job burnout of psychological counselors.Methods:A total of 431 psychological counselors nationwide were recruited in the online survey using the convenience sampling.Chi⁃nese versions of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS)and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS)were applied to measure job burnout and mindfulness,and self-designed questionnaires were applied to measure ethical practice effect,job difficulty and job guarantee respectively.Structural equation model(SEM)was adopted in statistical anal⁃yses.Results:(1)Ethical practice effect,job guarantee and mindfulness negatively predicted job burnout(β=-0.22,-0.11 and-0.30,Ps<0.01),and job difficulty positively predicted job burnout(β=0.25,P<0.001);(2)On the relationships of“ethi⁃cal practice effect→job burnout”and“job difficulty→job burnout”,the mediating effects of mindfulness were both signifi⁃cant.The values of these two mediating effects were-0.053 and 0.046,respectively.Their 95%CIs were[-0.094,-0.016]and[0.016,0.087],and the two mediating effect sizes were 19.63%and 15.54%.Conclusion:Ethical practice effect and job guarantee,as variables of job resources,can reduce job burnout of psychological counselors,but job difficulty(as a vari⁃able of job demands)can increase job burnout.Mindfulness,as an individual characteristic variable,plays a partial mediat⁃ing role in ethical practice effect and job difficulty influencing job burnout.

作者张钊陈雪莲柳静张然王铭 ZHANG Zhao;CHEN Xue-lian;LIU Jing;ZHANG Ran;WANG Ming(School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Center for Mental Health Education,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Medical Humanities,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区华中师范大学心理学院武汉理工大学心理健康教育中心湖北中医药大学医学人文学院

出处《中国临床心理学杂志》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2023年第4期979-983,共5页 Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基金 2019年度湖北省高校学生工作精品项目(2019XGJPX3023) 2022年度湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究专项任务项目(高校学生工作品牌)(22Z208)、2022年度湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目(22D065) 2015年度湖北省教育厅人文社科一般项目(20152s0087和20152s0088)

关键词伦理实践职业倦怠心理咨询师工作要求-资源模型 Ethical practice Job burnout Psychological counselor Job demands-resources model

分类号 R395.6 [医药卫生—医学心理学]

作者简介共同通信作者:柳静,vivien0304@hbt cm.edu.cn;共同通信作者:王铭,danielwm_ccnu@126.com。