摘要
探究施氮量对燕麦(Avena sativa)不同穗位籽粒灌浆进程的影响,为高寒区燕麦种子生产和合理施氮提供理论依据。本研究以高寒区推广应用的燕麦品种青引2号(Avena sativa Qingyin No.2)和林纳(Avena sativa Lena)为试验材料,设6个氮肥水平:0、60、120、180、240和300 kg/hm2,采用单穗标记法观测燕麦不同穗位籽粒的灌浆动态,并运用Richards方程进行拟合分析,探究施氮水平对燕麦不同穗位籽粒干物质积累和灌浆特性的影响。结果表明,不同燕麦品种同一穗位下,随施氮量增加,燕麦籽粒千粒重增大,最大灌浆速率出现时间延长,最大灌浆速率增大,籽粒灌浆的3个阶段中渐增期灌浆持续时间和生长比率增大。青引2号燕麦千粒重增长量为20.55~28.43 g,最大灌浆速率在N0~N5处理之间提高51.52%,最大值出现时间推迟10 d;林纳燕麦千粒重增长量为16.78~21.87 g,最大灌浆速率提高51.02%,最大值出现时间推迟20 d。同一施氮量下不同穗位之间籽粒千粒重表现为上部>中部>下部,上部籽粒千粒重较下部高15.21%;灌浆前期上部籽粒灌浆速率高,后期中下部籽粒灌浆速率高。氮肥对青引2号燕麦上部籽粒灌浆速率影响最大,对林纳燕麦中部籽粒灌浆速率影响最大。
This study aimed to examine the effect of nitrogen application on the grain filling process of oats(Avena sativa)at different spike positions,providing a theoretical basis for oat seed production and optimal nitrogen application in alpine regions.Two oat varieties,namely Qingyin No.2 and Lena,were selected as the experimental materials in this study.Six nitrogen fertilizer levels were set at 0(N0),60(N1),120(N2),180(N3),240(N4)and 300 kg/hm2(N5),respectively.The grain filling dynamics of oats at different spike positions were assessed using the single spike marking method and modeled using the Richards equation to investigate the effect of nitrogen application levels on dry matter accumulation and grain filling characteristics at various spike positions of oats.The results showed that at the same spike position across different oat varieties,an increase in nitrogen application led to an increase in thousand-grain weight of oat seeds,maximum grain filling rate,and duration of filling,while the appearance time of the maximum grain filling rate was prolonged and the growth ratio during the slightly increasing stage increased.The increase in thousand-grain weight of Qingyin No.2 ranged from 20.55 to 28.43 g,with a 51.52%increase in the maximum filling rate observed between N0 and N5 treatments.Furthermore,the appearance time of the maximum value was delayed by 10 days.Similarly,for Lena,the increase in thousand-grain weight ranged from 16.78 to 21.87 g,accompanied by a 51.02%increase in the maximum filling rate.Additionally,the appearance time of the maximum value was delayed by 20 days.Under the same nitrogen application rate,the upper grain had the highest thousand-grain weight(increased by 15.21%compared with the lower grain),followed by the middle grain and the lower grain at different spike positions.The filling rates were observed to be higher in the upper grain during the early filling stage,while the middle grain and lower grain showed higher filling rates during the later filling stage.Thus,it can be concluded that nitrogen fertilizer had the most pronounced effect on the filling rate of the upper grain in Qingyin No.2 and the filling rate of the middle grain in Lena.
作者
段嘉蕾
梁国玲
刘文辉
DUAN Jialei;LIANG Guoling;LIU Wenhui(Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University/Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期53-63,共11页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
青海省科技厅重点实验室发展专项(2020-ZJ-Y03)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-34)。
关键词
燕麦
施氮量
穗位
籽粒灌浆进程
灌浆速率
Oat
Nitrogen application rate
Spike position
Grain filling process
Grain filling rate
作者简介
段嘉蕾(1998-),女,内蒙古包头人,在读硕士生,主要从事青藏高原抗逆牧草育种方面研究,E-mail:duanjl032@163.com;通信作者:梁国玲,E-mail:qhliangguoling@163.com。
